高一英语定语从句专项笔记总结
高一英语定语从句专项笔记总结
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰名词或代词的从句,是一种形容词性的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
1.关系代词:whowhomwhosewhichthat
关系代词引导从句,代替先行词,在从句中充当一个成分,如:主语、宾语、定语等,所以在作主语时,动词的数要和先行词的数保持一致。
who----可作主语、宾语,作主语时,只能用who,who作宾语时是非正式Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.whom---作宾语(正式用法),在介词后只能用whom
人ThisisthemanwhomImetinthestreetyesterday.(正式用法)ThisisthemanwhoImetinthestreetyesterday.(非正式用法)
whosewho的属格形式,用来指人,也可以用来指物
that---可代替who,whom
Which----可作主语,宾语
物eg.Thewatchwhichwaslosthasbeenfound.eg.Thefish(which)weboughtwerenotfresh
that-------可作主语,宾语
eg.TheletterthatIreceivewasfrommyfather.
当关系代词充当介词宾语时,可以把介词提前,也可以不提前,但是在含有介词的动词固定搭配中,介词只能放在原来的位置
eg.Thisistheteacherwhomheworkedwith.
Thisistheteacherwithwhomheworked.eg.Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.Thisisthebookwhichyouaskedfor.
eg.Thisisthepenwhichhehasbeenlookingfor.(lookfor词组中for不能
提前)
先行词是人时,常用who而不用that的情况:
a.关系代词在从句中作主语时,多用who,
eg.Iwillpardonhimwhoishonest.
b.先行词为alloneonesanyonethose等时,
eg.Allwhoheardthenewswereexcited.c.在以therebe开头的句子中,
eg.Thereisagirlwhowantstoseeyou.d.当先行词后有较长的修饰语时,
eg.HemetaboyinthestreetyesterdaywhocouldspeakEnglishfluently.
先行词指物的特殊情况:
1.必须用that的情况:
用心爱心专心117号编辑1
a.先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级修饰时,
eg.ThisisthefirstjobthatIhavetakenup.
ThisisthemostinterestingnovelthatIhaveeverread.
b.先行词是不定代词,somethingsomebodynothinganything等或是all
littlemuch时,
eg.ThereissomethingthatIwanttotellyou.
c.先行词被allanyeveryeachfewlittlenosomemuchonlynone
botheitherneither等修饰时,
eg.Ihavereadallthebooksthatyoulentme.d.先行词被theonly,thelast,thevery修饰时,
eg.Thisistheonlymethodwecanuse.e.先行词又有人又有物时,
eg.Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersonsthattheyknowintheschool.f.主句以who或which开头时,
eg.Whoistheoldmanthatspeaktoyoujustnow?g.先行词指物时,且在Therebe句型引导的定语从句中,
eg.Thereisahousethathasthreewindows.h.关系代词作表语时,
eg.Chinaisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.2.必须用which的情况:a.个非限制性定语从句,
b.句子末尾的介词提前时,只能用which,c.关系代词后有插入语时,
eg.Thisisthebookwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpyoutoimproveyourEnglish.
(这就是我跟你说过的,能帮你学好英语的那本书。)
关于as引导的定语从句,as可以在限制性或非限制性定语从句中主语或宾语
1.在限制性定语从句中,as多和such,thesame连用,
eg.HetoldmehisexperiencesuchadIhadneverhadbefore.Ishouldliketousethesametoolasisusedhere.
2.非限制性定语从句中,as所指的是它前面的整个主句,
eg.TomwasadmittedintotheUniversity,aswehadhoped.
as和which在代替主语时的区别:
a.as可以提到句首,但是which不可以,
b.as有“正如,就像”的意思,但是which没有
用心爱心专心117号编辑2
扩展阅读:高一英语定语从句专项笔记总结
高一英语定语从句专项笔记总结
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰名词或代词的从句,是一种形容词性的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
1.关系代词:whowhomwhosewhichthat
关系代词引导从句,代替先行词,在从句中充当一个成分,如:主语、宾语、定语等,所以在作主语时,动词的数要和先行词的数保持一致。
who----可作主语、宾语,作主语时,只能用who,who作宾语时是非正式Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.whom---作宾语(正式用法),在介词后只能用whom
人ThisisthemanwhomImetinthestreetyesterday.(正式用法)ThisisthemanwhoImetinthestreetyesterday.(非正式用法)
whosewho的属格形式,用来指人,也可以用来指物
that---可代替who,whom
Which----可作主语,宾语
物eg.Thewatchwhichwaslosthasbeenfound.eg.Thefish(which)weboughtwerenotfresh
that-------可作主语,宾语
eg.TheletterthatIreceivewasfrommyfather.
当关系代词充当介词宾语时,可以把介词提前,也可以不提前,但是在含有介词的动词固定搭配中,介词只能放在原来的位置
eg.Thisistheteacherwhomheworkedwith.
Thisistheteacherwithwhomheworked.eg.Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.Thisisthebookwhichyouaskedfor.
eg.Thisisthepenwhichhehasbeenlookingfor.(lookfor词组中for不能
提前)
先行词是人时,常用who而不用that的情况:
a.关系代词在从句中作主语时,多用who,
eg.Iwillpardonhimwhoishonest.
b.先行词为alloneonesanyonethose等时,
eg.Allwhoheardthenewswereexcited.c.在以therebe开头的句子中,
eg.Thereisagirlwhowantstoseeyou.d.当先行词后有较长的修饰语时,
eg.HemetaboyinthestreetyesterdaywhocouldspeakEnglishfluently.
先行词指物的特殊情况:
1.必须用that的情况:
用心爱心专心117号编辑1
a.先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级修饰时,
eg.ThisisthefirstjobthatIhavetakenup.
ThisisthemostinterestingnovelthatIhaveeverread.
b.先行词是不定代词,somethingsomebodynothinganything等或是all
littlemuch时,
eg.ThereissomethingthatIwanttotellyou.
c.先行词被allanyeveryeachfewlittlenosomemuchonlynone
botheitherneither等修饰时,
eg.Ihavereadallthebooksthatyoulentme.d.先行词被theonly,thelast,thevery修饰时,
eg.Thisistheonlymethodwecanuse.e.先行词又有人又有物时,
eg.Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersonsthattheyknowintheschool.f.主句以who或which开头时,
eg.Whoistheoldmanthatspeaktoyoujustnow?g.先行词指物时,且在Therebe句型引导的定语从句中,
eg.Thereisahousethathasthreewindows.h.关系代词作表语时,
eg.Chinaisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.2.必须用which的情况:a.个非限制性定语从句,
b.句子末尾的介词提前时,只能用which,c.关系代词后有插入语时,
eg.Thisisthebookwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpyoutoimproveyourEnglish.
(这就是我跟你说过的,能帮你学好英语的那本书。)
关于as引导的定语从句,as可以在限制性或非限制性定语从句中主语或宾语
1.在限制性定语从句中,as多和such,thesame连用,
eg.HetoldmehisexperiencesuchadIhadneverhadbefore.Ishouldliketousethesametoolasisusedhere.
2.非限制性定语从句中,as所指的是它前面的整个主句,
eg.TomwasadmittedintotheUniversity,aswehadhoped.
as和which在代替主语时的区别:
a.as可以提到句首,但是which不可以,
b.as有“正如,就像”的意思,但是which没有
用心爱心专心117号编辑2
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