选修6unit3单元总结填空 文档
Unit3module6单元练习
class：name：Marks:
一.英译汉20分
1.healthyinbodyandmind_______________2.smokingshouldbebanned______________3.attheendofthegarden________________4.itseemsamazingthat___________________5.befitenoughtodo_________________6.longandactivelife_______________________7.Iknowhoweasyitistobeginsmoking_________________________________________8.andhowtoughitistostop___________________________________________________9.duringadolescence______________10.overandoveragain_________________________11.doitautomatically______________12.harmfuleffectsofsmoking__________________13.Iwastakenoffthefootballteam______________14.strengthenmyresolve___________15.liveaslongandhealthyalifeasIhave________________________________________16.getintothehabitofsmoking____________17.accustomedhimselftogettingupearly___________________________________
18.itisnogoodcryingoverspiltmilk.____________________19.putmeinanawkwardsituation__________________________20.it’snecessaryforyoutotakepills________________________
二.汉译英60分
1.治疗艾滋病的方法___________________2.使某人对某事尴尬______________________3.我想知道究竟是为什么你上课迟到__________________________youwerelateforclass.4.要不是因为我不得不步行___________________________ihadtowalkonfoot.5.我多么希望我的梦想将会实现_____________________________cometrue.6.这药对那个病人无效themedicinewas________________________thepatient.7.我情愿游泳而不愿溜冰I_____________________skating.(prefer)
8.我情愿看书而不愿玩游戏I_____________________playcomputergames.(would)9.一年半后我们将从民高毕业it________________________wegraduatefrommingao.10.是时候你要戒烟了it’stimethatyou_______________/_______________________.11.我发现这是一道对我来说很难做的题目Ifound_________________formetofinish.12.去年我第一次去上海.Lastyear,Iwent_________________________________.13.这是我第一次去上海.Itwasthesecondtime__________________________________14.只有最近几天,学生们才开始意识到学习时间是那么的有限.Onlyinrecentdays____________________________thetimeofstudyissolimited.15.如果我有办法________________________________
16.参观这个城市我认为很有荣幸.iconsiderit______________________tovisitthecity.17.如果你给我钱,我将不胜感激.i____________________________yougivememoney.18.他想当然的认为他会通过这次考试._______________________hewillpasstheexam.19.我们发现去月亮是可能的.___________________________________gotothemoon.20.尽管天气不好____________________/______________________________________21直到午夜他才回来。______________________________________hereturned.
22.我想知道究竟我们什么时候放寒假___________________________wewillhaveholiday.23.读别人的信件是违法的____________________________readpeople’sprivateletters.24.据透露，我们一个月后放寒假。____________________wewillhaveholidayafteramonth.25.对于我们保持健康的最好的方式就是散步_____________________________istowalk.26.他适应学校的生活，使得家长非常高兴。_____________________________________/_____________________________________hasmadehisparentsveryhappy.27.冒险失去这个机会__________________________________________
28.你不能使强者变弱而使弱者变强。Youcan’t___________________byweakingthestrong.29.我不想吃东西，但是我成功说服了自己。
______________________________butImanagedtopersuademyselftoeatsomething.(feel)30.我讨厌有人用我的电脑。_______________________________peopleusemycomputer.
三．填空题。20分
Nowadaysallkindsofproblemscausedby_____________(吸烟),_____________(喝酒)and__________(玩电脑游戏)arethreatening______________________(青少年的健康).
_________(由于)variousreasons,mostofuseasily_________________________(染上一些坏习惯),suchas_______________(沉迷于)surfingtheinternet,_________________(习惯于)stayinguplateand_____________(滥用药物)._________________________(毫无疑问)ourhealthis_______________(在。。。危险中)beingruined.Asweallknow,badhabits________________________(产生坏的影响)our_______________________(身心)health.Sowemust____________________________(改掉坏习惯)and________________________(加强锻炼).
Nomatter_____________________________(这个问题是多么的难),wecan’tmakeourparentsfell_________________________________________(失望和绝望).we__________________________________________________(已经决定制定一个计划)to_____________________________________(戒掉烟酒).Believeus,wecan_______________(成功)(make)
扩展阅读：选修6 Unit 3 & Unit4 it句型总结
英语选修6Unit3&Unit4
语法知识It的用法
It的用法在高考中也是重现率较高的语言点，尤其是it用于强调句。其考查方式多通过“单项填空”进行，偶尔也出现在“短文改错”和“完形填空”中。
1．ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecently___Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty．A．untilB．thatC．thenD．so
正确答案：B此题考查强调句，所以用that。
2．Ihate____whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull．A．itB．thatC．theseD．them
正确答案：A此题考查it作形式宾语的用法，所以选A。
3．(短文改错)DavidandIdidnotagreeandDavidpointedtoapathwhichhethoughtitwouldprobablyleadtoavillage．
正确答案：去掉it，因为定语从句中已有宾语which。
一、要点点拔
1．代替上文中提到过的人或事物。指代人时，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。1)－Whoisthebaby?－Itsmyteachersson．2)－Whoisthatgentleman?
－It"smyfriendTom．He(不可用It)wantstoseeyou．2．用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等。例如：
1)Itshalfanhourswalkfromheretoourschool．2)Itsniceandwarmhere．
3)Butit"stwoo"clocknow,andit"stimeforustogotoschool．
3．用作形式主语.it没有具体意义，而只是帮助把真正的主语移至句子后尾，使句子显得平稳一些，能借it给移至句子后尾的主语有三种：一种由不定式表示，一种由动名词表示，一种由从句表示。
1).It替代真正的主语动词不定式短语.Itiseasiertosaythantodo.Itisagoodacttohelptheothers.
2).it替代真正的主语动名词短语,以动名词短语做主语的句子，主要在以nogood,nouse,noharm,dangerous,foolish等词作表语的句中.Itsnoharmdrinkingrunningwaterinthatarea。Itsfoolishtalkinglikethat.
3).it替代从句作主语，用从句做主语的带it的句子很多,常见的有下面几类：①Itisapity(ashame,afact,awonder,agoodthing,etc.)that…Itisashamethathedidntpasstheexam.
②Itisstrange(surprising,obvious,true,good,possible,clear,etc.)that…。Itwasclearthattheyhadnodesireforpeace.
③Itseems(happened,turnedout,etc.)that…
Itseemedthatthingswerenotastheyexpected.④Itissaid(decided,expected,etc)that…Itissaidthattheticketshavebeensoldout.4.用作形式宾语。
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式,－ing短语或从句往往用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末,句子重心后移。
1)WefinditdifficulttolearnEnglishwellinsuchashorttime．2)Wethinkitnousecryingoverspiltmilk．
3)Wemadeitclearwhenandwhereweweregoingtohavethemeeting．
5．用于强调句型，即“Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who/whom+其它”句型之中。使用该句型有以下几点请注意：
①强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数.ItwasyesterdaythatImetyourfatherinthestreet．
②不管被强调部分是哪种状语，只能用that连接，不得使用where、when等连词.ItwasinthestreetthatImetyourfatheryesterday．
③被强调部分为人时，可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that，用that也行。
1)Itwasyourfatherthat/whom/whoImetinthestreetyesterday．2)ItwasIthat/whometyourfatherinthestreetyesterday．④强调句中也要注意主谓一致、人称一致和否定转移的问题。
1)Itistheywhoareourfriends．
2)Itwasnotuntilteno"clockthatwegothomelastnight．
⑤注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。Itiswas…that…为强调句标志，去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子，只是没被强调,而其他从句一般不具备这一特征。比较：
1)Itwasteno"clockwhenwegothomelastnight．我们昨晚到家时已十点了。2)Itwasatteno"clockthatwegothomelastnight．我们昨晚是在十点到家的。
第一句不是强调句，when不可改为that,因为去掉itwas和that后，只能组成“Wegothometeno"clocklastnight．”这样一个不完整的句子；第二句是强调句，that不可改为when．
二、常用句型及考点
I.形式主语型
1.Itisclear(obvious，true，possible，certain…)that…
该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为＂清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）＂是主语从句最常见的一种结构。Itisveryclearthathe"sroundandtalllikeatree.=Thathe"sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.
2.Itisimportant(necessary，right，strange，natural…)that…
掌握本句型，应该记住所列举的形容词，并且记住that后的从句应用虚拟语气(should+动词原形)，should可以省去。
Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.
3.Itisnogood(use)doingsth．
该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是nogood,(notanygood),nouse,(notanyuse)。
ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.
4.Itisapity(ashame…)that…
本句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should十动词原形)，should可以省去。表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了，真遗憾！
5.Itistime(abouttime，hightime)that…
该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是①常用过去时态表示虚拟．②有时也用should+动词原形，should不能省。常译为＂是（正是）．．．的时侯．．．＂。Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.
6.Itisthefirst(second…)timethat…
该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的that从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this替换．常译为＂是第一（二）．．．次．．．＂。ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.
7.Itissaid(reported，learned…．)that…
该句型中的it仍是形式主语，真正主语是that引导的主语从句。该结构常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉．．．）＂。
ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.
Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.
8.Itissuggested(ordered…)that…
本句型中的过去分词应该是表示请求、建议、命令等的词，that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should十动词原形)，should可以省略。常译为“据建议；有命令……”。Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.
Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.
9.Ithappens(seems，appears)that…
该句型中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen,seem等词是不及物动词．Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.碰巧．．
Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.看来．．．
10.Ittakessb…todosth．
该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为＂做．．．要花费某人．．．＂。
IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.
11.Itdoesntmatterwhether…
该句型中whether(if)引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为＂不论（是否）．．．没关系．．．。Itdoesn"tmatteriftheyareold.
12.Itiskind(ofsb)todosth．
本句型中的不定式如果需要逻辑主语，则须要前置介词of，而句型中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty,polite，rude，silly,stupid，wise，wrong等。
Itiskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.
13.Itisnecessary(forsb)todosth．
该句型与上一个同属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：①important,necessary,natural②easy,safe,common,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,rare,impossible,pleasant等。在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写，如：Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.
=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty
14.Itis(just)likesbtodosth．
本句型为“某人(恰恰)是……样子”。用来表示赞扬或不满，若用否定式，则表示怀疑。例：It"slikehimtoleavetheworktoothers．他就是这样的一个人，把工作推给别人。
15.Itisuptosbtodosth．
本句型表示“谊由某人做……”。
16.Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.
该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为"6123结构"。6指主句中常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；
1指的是形式宾语it；
2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；
3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.HefeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell.
Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwo
II．强调句型
Itis+被强调部分+that/who…
本句型中被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。III．其他句型1.Itis…since…
该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.
2.Itbe...before...
该句型主句中的it指时间,主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态．主句中的表语多是long,notlong,3days,2weeks等表示时间段的词或短语。常译为＂．．．之后．．．＂。Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.Itwillbenotlongbeforehefinisheshisjob.
3.Itis…when
该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为＂当．．．的时候，是．．．＂。Itwas5o"clockwhenhecamehere.
4.Itlooks(seems)asif．．．
本句型中的asif引导一个状语从句，常译为“看起来好像……”。如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气．
例1Itlooksasifheisill(真的病了).
例2Itlooksasifhewereill(没有生病).
Exercises:
一．单项选择
1.Wasitinthispalace____thelastemperordied?
A.thatB.inwhichC.inwhereD.which2.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWar____hedied?A.thatB.whileC.inwhichD.then
3.Tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,but____didnthelp.A.heB.whichC.sheD.it
4．Ourfoodandservicearebetterthan________usedtobe.
A．itB．weC．theyD．them5．TheTVsetsmadeinChinaaremuchbetterthan________inJapan.A．thatB．thoseC．themD．It6．________was________whoImetinthemuseumthismorning.
A．It;himB．It;heC．That;heD.That;him7．________youcometothepartysolate?A．WhyisitB．WhyitisC．WhyitisthatD．Whyisitthat
8．WereallthreepeopleinthecarinjuredintheaccidentNo,___onlythetwopassengers___gothurt．A．theywere;thatB．therewas;that
C．itwas;whoD．thereare;who
9．Whydon"twetakealittlebreak?Didn"twejusthave________?
A．itB．thatC．oneD．this10.Sheheardofaterriblenoise,___broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that
11.TheclimateofShanghaiisbetterthan____ofNanjing.A.thatB.itC.whichD.what12.____fouryearssinceIjoinedtheArmy.
A.TherewasB.ThereisC.ItwasD.Itis13.ItwasthroughXiaoLi____IgottoknowXiaoWang.A.whoB.whomC.howD.That14.So____thatnofishcanliveinit.
A.shallowisthelakeB.thelakeisshallow
C.shallowthelakeisD.isthelakeshallow
二.分析it成分，辨清相似句型。
1.①_____iswellknowtousallthattheearthisround.②____iswellknowntousall,theearthisround.A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.Which
2.①_____doesn’tmattermuchwhetherhe’llcometotheparty.②Ifeel____anhonourtobeinvitedtospeakhere.A.thisB.itC.thatD.what3.①___nowonderthathehaspassedtheexam.②___noneedforyoutowaithere.A.TherebeingB.ItwasC.ItisD.Thereis
4.①Wasitthehouse____AbrahamLincolnwasborn?
②Wasitinthehouse____AbrahamLincolnwasborn?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.bothAandB5.①It’sverykind____youtohelpus.②It’sveryimportant_____youtokeepthebalanceofnature.A.forB.ofC.toDwith.6.①Itisnogood____suchathing.②It’sofnoimportance_____suchathing.A.doB.todoC.doingD.done7.①It"stimethatwe____toschool.
②Itisthesecondtimethatwe_____toBeijing.
A.goB.wentC.havebeenD.havegone8.①It"stomorrow____heisgoingtoBeijing.②Itwas8o"clock_____hewenttoschool.
A.thatB.whenC.beforeD.since9.①Itis3years____hejoinedthearmy.②Itwillbe3years____wemeetagain.
A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.when
三.用it开头改写句子(14分)
43.Hersistersofferedtopayherfare.Thatwasgenerousofthem.
44.Herbrotherinvitedhertostay.Thatwasverykindofhim.
45.Youfoundyourwallet.Thatislucky.
46.Youcouldn"tfindalessexpensivehotel.Thatisapity.
四.强调划线部分(10分)
52.IwantyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.
53.ThedaysbegintogetlongerinFebruary.
54.WeheldaLeaguemeetingintheclassroom.
五.改为强调结构(10分)
55.Themeetingwillnotbeginuntileveryoneisseated.
56.Whydidhecomelateforthemeeting?
57.Howdidyoufindhishouse?
58.Wheredidthe44thWorldTableTennisChampionshipstakeplace?
59.Theysaidhonestyisthebestofallvirtues.
六.汉译英(20分)
60.是Tom帮我解出了这道难题.
61.正因为他在这个小城里住了多年,他对这里非常熟悉.
62.就是这个湖我以前经常在这游泳.
63.是爱迪生发明了电灯、留声机和许多其它东西.
64.据说他是个百万富翁.
答案：
一．单项选择
1-10AADCBADACBADDA二.分析it成分，辨清相似句型。
1.CB2.BB3.CD4.BA5.BA6.CB7.BC8.AB9.CA
三、43.Itwasgenerousofthem(hersisters)tooffertopayherfare.44.Itwaskindofherbrothertoinvitehertostay.45.Itisluckythatyoufoundyourwallet.
46.Itisapitythatyoucouldn"tfindalessexpensivehotel.
四、52.ItismyEnglishthatIwantyoutohelpmewith.
53.ItisinFebruarythatthedaysbegintogetlonger.
54.ItwasaLeaguemeetingthatweheldintheclassroom.
五．55.Itisnotuntileveryoneisseatedthatthemeetingwillbegin.56.Whyisitthathecamelateforthemeeting?57.Howwasitthatyoufoundhishouse?
58.Wherewasitthatthe44thWorldTableTennisChampionshipstookplace?59.Theysaiditishonestythatisthebestofallvirtues.
六．60.ItwasTomwhohelpedmeworkoutthisdifficultproblem.
61.Itisbecausehehaslivedinthistownformanyyearsthatheknowsitverywell.62.ItisthislakethatIusedtoswimin.
63.ItwasEdisonwho(that)inventedtheelectriclight,gramophoneandmanyotherthings.
64.Itwassaidthathewasamillionaire.
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