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初二英语上学习 1.2单元总结

时间:2019-05-26 21:12:41 网站:公文素材库

初二英语上学习 1.2单元总结

陶老师VIP家教做家长满意的教育

八上英语1,2单元串讲

要学什么

1.频率副词

2.should的用法3.重点词,句型辨析4.词语的基本构成

1.每一个单元的重点词,词组,句型都会是以后考试的常考点,现在认真掌握好,以后就是得分点,反之亦然,能够从每一个单元的学习中归纳出重点知识的学习技巧,也是高效学习的基本能力。

2.频率副词属于最基本的常用词,出现在任何英语环境中:日常对话,工作报告,考试的各类题型。它们就像工具箱里的必备工具,是不能或缺的

3.should这个情态动词从现在开始,将在考试中频繁出现,相关知识句型也是考试常考点,在完形填空,阅读中也会以内容出现,不掌握,这就是一个很大的丢分点。

4.词语基本构成,是一个本身复杂但能够简单理解的概念。了解一个词的构成,分析一个词的含义,是提高英语水平,提升解题效率的重要途径。往往被学生忽视,这里,不做硬性要求全部掌握,但希望能够从中了解到词汇的基本概念。

有什么用

切入正题

八上英语1,2单元围绕频率和疾病,引入了日常生活中的一些英语知识。额外地,1单元对词语辨析较为着重,多种近义词容易混淆,2单元重点在相关词语的句型,着重的并非单个词语本身,而是其句型和使用方法。

一.频率副词

频率顾名思义,表示事情发生频率的多少,或者说事件在固定周期内发生次数的多少。1单元中,我们学到的有always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly,never,当然,也学习了once,twice这样表示频率的副词。

always,表示所有场合下,任意时间内,没有特例,即“总是”。是最高频率,无一例外100%。比如,我们每天都会把作业交给老师:Wealwayshandinourhomeworktotheteachereveryday。交作业,每日无一例外地进行。

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usually,表示在习俗,习惯,个人经验前提下,有一定的固定性,即“通常,按某种规律来说的话”。usually这个词频率也相当的高,仅低于always,所以它不是100%,会因为特殊因素产生例外。比如,汤姆习惯早起,但因为生病了,所以中午才起床:Tomusuallygetsupearlyeverymorning,buttodayhewasill,sohedidn’tgetupuntilnoon。再举一个例子,在某个节日,通常会有庆典,当然如果天气不好,就只能取消:Onthisfestival,weusuallyholdaceremonytocelebrate,butiftheweatherisbad,wecanonlycancelit.又如,在这种情况下,医生首先会选择输血:Inthissituationdoctorsusuallyhaveabloodtransfusionfirst.医生依靠经验,使用usually。

often,比较广泛,就是“常常,经常”。比always,usually的频率要低,因为即不是100%的无一例外,也没有固定性,仅仅是经常,次数较多,但也占了一半以上的可能性。Heoftengoestothelibraryafterschool.他经常放学去哪个图书馆,这里,仅仅只是说他去得多,不一定是习惯,也许只是因为要考试备考,等考完了也许他就不去了,注意和usually区分。Sheoftenvisitshermomonsummervacation.她经常在暑假去拜访她妈妈,同样地,并不是习惯或习俗,只是次数多,因为放假。也许假期结束了,没时间了就不去了。

sometimes,表示“偶尔,有时”。广泛意义的频率较低,容易理解。举例,他回家的路上有时会喝点东西。Hesometimesdrinkssomethingonhiswayhome.他偶尔和弟弟在后院玩玩。Hesometimesplaywithhisbrotherinthebackyard.

hardly,表示“几乎不”,频率几乎为零,极小几率发生。举例,他上学时几乎没写过作业。Hehardlydidhishomeworkwhenhewasastudent.我几乎不穿红色的鞋子,Ihardlywearredshoes.never,与always相反,表示“从不,从未”。频率一定是0%。这里很好说明了:他睡觉从不关窗户,Heneverclosesthewindowswhenheissleeping.他在课堂上从未大声喊叫过,Henevershoutsloudinclass。

以上频率副词,频率依次递减,从100%到0%。需要注意的是,以上副词,置于句子前端,在动词,be动词之前,或情态动词后。

Kaneisneverlateforschool.

Tracywasalwaysoutgoingwhenshewasyoung.Weshouldneverlietotheteachers.

二.Should的用法

should,意思是“应当,应该”。某些场合下,含有命令的意味。对于should这样的情态动词,不会因为人称改变而改变形式,只需注意,should不能作为句子中充当动作的成分。

Should有三种用法,分别为表示责任义务,推断,建议。举例:表示责任义务时可以说Youshouldhelptheoldman,hecan’tcarrytheluggage.你应当去帮那个老先生,他搬不动行李。(帮助老人是社会责任)表示推断可以说Billyshouldbeatschooltoday,it’sMonday。今天星期一,比利应该在上学。(根据时间进行推断)表示建议的时候可以说Ithinkyoushouldsaysorrytothekid,it’snothisfault.我觉得你应该向那个小孩道歉,这不是他的过错。(劝告他道歉)

注意,做答语时,句子可以没有动词,只有should这个情态动词,请看:

-DoyouthinkIshouldleavenow?-No,youshouldn’t。

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三.重点词,句型辨析

1.hardhardly

hard可以做形容词,表示困难的,不好完成的,坚硬的,做副词是努力地,用力地。hardly只有副词形式,不可做形容词,表示几乎不,几乎没可能。

Hewashithardbythecar.他被车猛烈撞到。hard-adv.Danalwaysworkshard.丹总是奋力工作。Hard-adv.

Itisahardtaskforus.这对于我们来说是个艰巨的任务。hard-adj.

Doyouthinkthebreadiskindofhard?你不觉得面包有点硬吗?hard-adj.

HecanhardlyspeakJapanese.他几乎不会说日语。(只会一丁点儿)Thereishardlyanywaterinthecup。杯子里几乎没水了。

2.sometimes,sometime,sometimes,sometime。

这4个不难区分,注意中间是否有空格。没空格的是词,sometimes,有时,偶尔;sometime,某个时间点,某时。而又空格的是词组,sometimes,某几次,有几次,几倍;sometime,某一段时间。我们现在分别造句:

sometimes:IsometimeswatchTVathome.

sometime:Don’tlockthedoor,yourdadwillbebacksometimetoday.sometimes:Hecametomyhousesometimesthisfall.

sometime:Carolinestayedathersister’sforsometimeyesterday.

3.try

try,本身含义是尝试,其句型,词组有

trytodosth,trynottodosth尽量(努力)去做某事,尽量不做某事【一定要尽力】

trydoingsth尝试做某事【可以浅尝辄止】

tryout试验出,通过实验得出tryon试穿衣服,鞋子

4.although

although与though,eventhough意思用法相近,表示“虽然”。但是不像汉语中,会有“但是”跟着在句中出现,即不能在句子后面加上but。但可以使用still,yet。

比如,要表达“虽然他刻苦学习日语,但是还是只能说一点儿日语”,可以说AlthoughhestudiedhardatJapanese,hecanhardlyspeakit.(只使用although)AlthoughhestudiedhardatJapanese,yethecan’tspeakit.(搭配yet)

AlthoughhestudiedhardatJapanese,hecanstillhardlyspeakit.(搭配still)千万记住,不要写出although...but...这样的结构,是错误的!!!5.must,need,haveto

must表示主观需要,need表示客观要求,mustn’t表示不准,禁止,needn’t表示不必,不需要haveto是“不得不”

Imustfinishmyhomeworkormydadwillbeangry.我得把作业写完,不然老爸就生气了。(自己知道要写完,不然就完了)

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Ineedtodrinksomething,I’msothirsty!(太渴了,生理需求必须喝水)Youmustn’tsmokehere,sir。(禁止吸烟,没得商量)

Toreneedn’ttobuyapen,yousee,Ihaveone.(没那个必要)Ihavetogo,it’stoolate.(太晚了,不得不走)

6.描述身体不适持续的疼痛:ache

①头疼headache,胃疼stomachache,背疼backache②身体部位+aches/ache身体部位+hurts/hurt

③haveapainin/on+身体部位(pain也可以说是精神上的痛楚)

炎症或感染的疼痛:sorehaveasore+身体部位

不清楚具体状况,但知道不对劲

Thereissomethingwrongwithmy+身体部位.7.lie

lie,有2个意思,一是躺,二是撒谎。区别看表意思躺撒谎

原型lielie

过去式过去分词laylainliedlied

进行时lyinglying

很明显地,在过去式和过去分词,两个意思的形式就不同了,注意区分,不要混淆。8.alittle,little,afew,few

首先要明确,little这边的是修饰不可数名词的,而few这边是修饰可数名词。alittle有一点儿(不可数的)Thereisalittlejuiceinthebottle.little几乎没有(不可数的)Ihavelittlemoneywithmyself.

afew有一点儿(可数的)Afewpeoplelikethiskindofmusic.

few几乎没有(可数的)Ithinkfewstudentscansolvethisproblem.9.listen,listento,hear

listen是听的动作,比如Listen!Heissingingintheclassroom.

listento,是去听,有目标性,比如IoftenlistenedtotheradiowhenIwasachild.hear是听到,听见,强调结果,比如Canyouhearme,Cammy?相对地,分析一下search,searchfor,find;look,lookat,see

10.hope,wish

hope有很大希望能够达成,或者非常想要达成且可以达成的含义,而wish可以使祝愿,祝福,或者通过虚拟语气表示不可能达成的愿望。hopeso

hopetodosthhopethat...

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wishsbtodosthwishsbsthwishtodosthwishthat...

两点需要注意,第一hope没有hopesbtodosth这个句型,是错误的,第二wishthat...描述的是虚拟语气下不可能达成的愿望,比如IwishthatIcouldplaysuchmovingmusic.

四.词语的基本构成

英语中,词语的含义有两层,一层是基本含义,即字面意思,第二层是指示含义,即衍生出来的词义。我们拿interesting这个词来看,基本含义就是有趣的,造句Thestoryisinteresting,Ilikeit!但是,如果是Thestoryisinteresting,Ialmostfallasleep!这句中,就不再是基本含义,而是讽刺无聊,枯燥。同样的,little这个词,基本含义是小的,几乎没有,拿小的这个来看,如果说Thisisalittletown.那么这里不仅仅说镇子小,也带有喜爱的含义。

总体来说,就是一个词首先有一个基本含义,然后在不同的环境下衍生出不同的指示含义。比如kill,play。

很多词,你会发现就像一个系列,比如care,careful,careless,carefully,carefulness,carelessness。这里就要说到“词根”这个概念。刚才那组词,词根就是care。以care为中心,加上不同前缀,后缀,就构成了以上那组词。

常见的否定前缀un-,dis-,in-,im-,ir-常见否定后缀-less

活学活用

一.写句子

1.他习惯每天喝三杯水。

2.Jimmy总是帮助那些需要帮助的人。

3.这种玩具偶尔会打折。

4.他几乎不坐公交上班,他通常都走路上班。

5.Rufus经常开他的弟弟的玩笑。

6.他昨天来我家几次了。

7.我也许会在这里待一段时间。

8.他明天某个时间给你买礼物的。

9.我想试试学做饭。

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10.为什么不努力解决这个问题?

11.已经很晚了,你应该休息了。

12.我们在阅读,禁止喧哗。

13.妈妈今早买了苹果,你不用去商店了。

14.医生,我眼睛疼,背也疼,而且我还觉得我的双手有点不对劲。

15.虽然Gilbert先生不善歌唱,但是他的画十分漂亮。

二.单项选择

1.Kimalwayslietome,soI________believehim.

AcompletelyBsometimesChardlyDoften

2.As_______Englishstudy,Ithinkyoushouldtakemorenotes.

AtoBforCaboutDwith

3.Smokingis______foryourhealth.

AgoodBwellCbadDeasy

4.Canyouhelpme?Theproblemis_____________hardtosolve.

AmuchtooBtoomuchCtoomanyDmuch

5._______peoplewillgotothatrestaurant,thefoodthereisbad.

AManyBSomeCAfewDFew

6.Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?

-OK,butonly_________.

AafewBalittleCfewDlittle

7.Thereis_________moneyinthedrawer.

AalotofBmanyCmuchtooDafew

8.I________hecrying,let’sgotoseewhathappened.

AlistenBlistentoCtolistenDhear

三.推测词语含义

1.incomplete2.unlike3.dislike4.impossible5.impolite6.disagree7.unpopular8.undo9.kindless10.useless

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扩展阅读:初二英语下(单元总结)

八年级(下)新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇Unit1Willpeoplehaverobots?

1.fewerpeople更少的人(fewer修饰名词复数,表示否定)2.lessfreetime更少的空闲时间(less修饰不可数名词,表示否定)3.intenyears10年后(in的时间短语用于将来时,提问用Howsoon)4.fallinlovewith…爱上…

例:WhenImetMr.Xuforthefirsttime,Ifellinlovewithhimatonce当我第一次见到许老师,我立刻爱上他5.livealone单独居住6.feellonely感到孤独(比较:livealone/goalong等)Thegirlwalkedalonealongthestreet,butshedidn‘tfeellonely那女孩独自沿着街道走,但她并不感到孤独7.keep/feedapetpig养一头宠物猪8.flytothemoon飞上月球9.hundredsof+复数数百/几百(概数,类似还有thousandsof;millionsof)10.thesameas和……相同

11.AbedifferentfromBA与B不同(=Thereisadifference/ThgerearedifferencesbetweenAandB)12.wakeup醒来(wakesb.up表示—唤醒某人‖13.getbored变得厌倦(get/become是连系动词,后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited等)14.goskating去滑冰(类似还有gohiking/fishing/skating/bikeriding等)15.lotsof/alotof许多(修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以)16.attheweekends在周末17.studyathomeoncomputers在家通过电脑学习18.agreewithsb.同意某人(的意见)19.Idon‘tagree.=Idisagree.我不同意20.onapieceofpaper在一张纸上(注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词)21.onvacation度假22.helpsbwithsth/helpsbdosth帮助某人做某事23.manydifferentkindsofgoldfish许多不同种金鱼24.liveinanapartment住在公寓里/liveonthetwelfthfloor住在12楼25.liveatNO.332,ShanghaiStreet住在上海路332号26.asareporter作为一名记者27.looksmart显得精神/看起来聪明28.Areyoukidding?你在骗我吗29.inthefuture在将来/在未来30.nomore=not…anymore不再(强调多次发生的动作不再发生)31.nolonger=not…anylonger不再(强调状态不再发生)

32.besides(除…之外还,包括)与except=but(除…之外,不包括)33.beableto与can能、会

(beableto用于各种时态,而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中;haveto用于各种时态,而must

只能用于一般现在时态)例如:1.Ihavebeenableto/willbeabletospeaktwolanguages.(不可以用can)2.hadtostayathome/willhaveto(不可以用must)34.bebigandcrowded大而且拥挤34.beincollege在上大学35.liveonaspacestation住在空间站

36.dresscasually穿得很随意casualclothing休闲服饰37.winthenextWorldCup赢得世界杯winaward获僵

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38.cometrue变成现实

39.takehundredsofyears花几百年的时间40.befuntowatch看起来有趣41.overandoveragain一次又一次42.beindifferentshapes形状不同43.twentyyearsfromnow今后20年44.本单元目标句型:

1.Whatdoyouthinklifewillbelikein1000years?

2.Therewillbefewertrees、morebuildingsandlesspollutioninthefuture.

fewer;less表示否定之意,分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词;more二者都可以修饰。3.Willkidsgotoschool?No,theywon‘t/Yes,theywill。4.Predictingthefuturecanbedifficult.5.Ineedtolooksmartformyjobinterview.6.Iwillbeabletodressmorecasually.

7.IthinkI‘llgotoHongKongonvacation,andonedayImightevenvisitAustralia.8.Whatwillteenagersdoforfuntwentyyearsfromnow?

9.Thatmaynotseempossiblenow,butcomputers,spacerocketsandevenelectrictoothbrushesseemedimpossiblea

hundredyearsago.

本单元语法讲解一般将来时

表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词:

1.含tomorrow;next短语;2.in+段时间;3.howsoon;4.by+将来时间;5.bythetimesb.do…6.祈使句句型中:or/andsb.willdo7.在时间/条件状语从句中,如果从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时8.anotherday比较begoingto与will:

begoingto表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will表示的将来时间则较远一些。如:Heisgoingtowritealettertonight.Hewillwriteabookoneday.

2.begoingto表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。Heisseriouslyill.Heisgoingtodie.Hewillbetwentyyearsold.3.begoingto含有—计划,准备‖的意思,而will则没有这个意思,如:Sheisgoingtolendusherbook.Hewillbehereinhalfanhour.4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用begoingto,而多用will,如:Ifanybeastscomesatyou,I"llstaywithyouandhelpyou.

掌握了它们的这些不同,你就能很好的区分begoingto与will了。一般将来时常见的标志词1.含tomorrow;next短语;2.in+段时间;3.howsoon;4.by+将来时间;5.祈使句句型中:or/andsb.willdo例Bequick,oryouwillbelate=Ifyoudon‘tbequick,youwillbelate

6.在时间/条件状语从句中,如果从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时(另见Unit5)

Unit2WhatshouldIdo?

1.tooloud太大声2.outofstyle过时的3.instyle流行的

4.callsbup=ringsb.up=call/ring/phonesb.给…..打电话5.enoughmoney足够的钱(enough修饰名词时不必后置)

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6.busyenough够忙(enough修饰形容词或副词时必须后置)7.aticketto/foraballgame一张球赛的门票

注意:thekeytothelock/thekey(answer)rtothequestion)/thesolutiontotheproblem.此处几个短语不能用of表示所有格8.talkabout谈论9.onthephone用电话10.payfor付款11.spend…on+sth.=spend...(in)doingsth.在…花钱12.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人做某事花…的时间13.borrow…from从….借(借进来)14.lend…to把…借给(借出去)15.Youcankeepthebookforaweek你可以借这本书一周。(不用borrow或lend)16.buysthforsb为……买东西17.tellsbtodo/nottodosth.sth告诉某人做某事18.wantsb.todosth.=wouldlikesb.todo想某人做某事19.findout发现;查清楚;弄明白20.playone‘sstereo放录象21.failthetest=notpassthetest考试不及格22.failin(doing)sth…在...上失败,变弱23.succeedin(doing)sth在...方面成功24.writesbaletter/writetosb.给某人写信25.surprisesb.使某人吃惊(类似有:surprise/interest/please/amaze+某人)26.toone‘ssurprise使某人吃惊的是…..27.toone‘sjoy使某人高兴的是…..28.lookforapart-timejob找一份兼职的工作(不一定有结果)29.get/findapart-timejob找到一份兼职的工作(有结果)30.asksb.for…寻求/向某人要某物31.haveabakesale卖烧烤

32.arguewithsb=haveanargumentwithsb.与某人争吵33.haveafightwithsb.=fightwith与某人打架34.dropoff离去;散去;逐渐减少;死去35.preparefor…=getreadyfor…为…做准备36.after-schoolclubs(activities)课外俱乐部(活动)be/getusedtodoing习惯做某事usedtodo过去经常/常常做某事beusedfordoing=beusedtodosth.被用于做某事37.fill…up填补;装满…befullof装满38.returnsth.tosb.=givesth.backtosb.把某物归还给某人39.geton/alongwellwith与…相处很好40.allkindsof各种各样41.asmuchaspossible=asmuchasyoucan尽可能多42.takepartin=joinin参加(某种活动/集会)43.abit=alittle一点儿(当修饰形容词或比较级时)44.abitof=alittle一点儿/一些(当修饰不可数名词时)45.beangrywith…生…的气46.byoneself=onone‘sown某人自己/独自地47.ontheonehand一方面

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48.ontheotherhand另一方面49.Ifind/feel/thinkitdifficulttodo...我发现/感到/认为做某事很难.50.see/hear/watchsb.doingsth.看到/听见/注视某人正在做…51.not…until直到…才(谓语动词一般是非延续动词)52.表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法:

be/become+upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed

说明:当主语是某人时,注意后面的形容词一般是-ed结尾的单词,而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时,注意后面形容词一般是-ing结尾单词.)

例如:Iwassurprised/interested/amazedwhenIheardthesurprising/interesting/amazingnews.53radioadviceprogram电台提建议的节目54beoriginal新颖的

55.leavesomethingsomewhere把某物忘在某处56sportsclothes运动服

57.thesameageas=asoldas和---年龄一样58.thetiredchildren疲惫不堪的孩子59.complainabout(doingsth)抱怨、、、

60.taketheirchildrenfromactivitytoactivity带着孩子参加一个接一个的活动61.trytodosth,尽量干某事trydoingsth试着干某事62.beundertoomuchpressure压力太大

63.amotherofthree三个孩子的妈妈64.takepartinafter-schoolclubs参加课后俱乐部

65.compepitionstartsfromaveryyoungage竞争从很小年纪就开始了66.compare…with和---比较

67.organizedactivities有组织的活动本单元目标句型:1.2.3.4.5.

What‘swrong(withyou)?/What‘sthematter?WhatshouldIdo?我该怎么办

Youcouldwritehimaletter.你可以给他写封信.Youshouldsaysorrytohim.你应该给他道歉.Theyshouldn‘targue.他们不应该争吵.Whydon‘tyoutalktohimaboutit?

=Whynottalktohimaboutit?=Youshould/couldtalktohimaboutit.

=What/Howabouttalkingtohimaboutit.=You‘dbettertalktohimaboutit.Theparentstrytofitasmuchaspossibleintotheirkidslives.

Activitiesincludesports,languagelearning,musicandmathclasses.

Thirtypeople,includingsixchildren(sixchildrenincluded),wenttovisitthefactory.Peopleshouldn‘tpushtheirchildrensohard.

Parentsaretryingtoplantheirkids‘livesforthem.Whenthesekidsareadults,theymightfindtdifficulttoplanthingsforthemselves.

Unit3WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOarrived?

infrontof在的前面(外部)inthefrontof在的前面(内部)inthelibrary在图书馆getoutof/getinto出之外/进入sleeplate睡懒觉sleepwell睡得好gettosleep=fallasleep睡着walkdown/along沿走takeoff(飞机)起飞;脱下(衣帽)onSundayevening在星期日晚上

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6.7.8.9.

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.注意:(特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下午、晚上用on)8.inthetree在树上onthetree在树上9.takephotos照相10.atthetrainstation在火车站11.runaway跑开,逃跑12.as+adj原形as和…一样…例如:Sheis(not)asbeautifulashersister.Icanrunasfastashe(him)13.buy/draw/makesth.forsb.为某人买/画/制作14.walkhome走回家15.inhistory在历史上16.forexample例如17.inthecityof在市18.ontheplayground在操场上19.tenminutesago十分钟前20.takeplace发生(强调必然性)21.happentosth./sb.发生(强调偶然性)例如:Whathashappenedtoyou?=What‘sthematterwithyou?=What‘swrongwithyou?22.ofcourse=sure=certainly当然23.allovertheworld=aroundtheworld遍及全世界24.outside/insidethestation在车站外/内25.nextto相邻,紧贴26.closeto接近于;在附近27.beillinhospital/bed生病住院/在床28.hearabout/of听说(间接听到)29.insilence沉默不语keepsilent保持沉默30.anunusualexperience一次不寻常的经历

31.havefundoingsth干某事有乐趣havedifficulttimedoingsth干某事有困难32.havemeaningto对有意义

33.becomethefirstChineseastronautinspace成为中国第一个太空宇航员

34.anationalhero一个民族英雄35.befamousallovertheworld全世界出名36.forthefirsttime第一次本单元目标句型:

WhatwereyoudoingwhenIarrived/atthattime/at8:00lastnight/from9:00to10:00yesterday?1.Iwasdoingsth.When+一般过去时的时间状语从句...2.Howabout.../Whatabout...?

3.Whilesth./sb.wasdoingsth.,Iwasdoingsth....

4.当不明飞行物着陆时,你正在干啥?WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOlanded?5.当妈妈正在做饭时,我在看电视。Whilemymotherwascooking,IwaswatchingTV.6.IwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlandedrightinfrontofme.7.Youcanimagehowstrangeitwas.8.Ifollowedtoseewhereitwasgoing.9.Isn‘tthatamazing!

10.Shedidn‘tthinkingaboutlookingoutsidethestation.

11.Iwassotiredthismorning.Itwasdifficulttogetoutofthebed.12.LiuXiangwonthegoldmedalatthe201*Olympics.13.Beijngwasmadehosttothe201*Olympics.

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14.Peopleoftenrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheyheardthenewsofimportanteventsinhistory.15.ThiswasoneofthemostimportanteventsinmodernAmericanhistory.16.Eventhemosteverydayactivitiescanseemimportant.

17.Ourteacheraskedustostopwhatweweredoingandlisten.

18.However,inmorerecenttimes,mostAmericansrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheWorldTradeCenterinNewYorkwasdestroyedbyterrorists.

19.Notalleventsinhistoryareasterribleasthis,ofcourse.20.HisflightaroundtheEarthlastedabout22hours.本单元语法讲解

过去进行时(PastProgressiveTense)

句型S+was/were+V-ing

例A:Shewasdoingherhomeworkat8:30yesterdayevening.(昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。)例B:Wewerehavingsupperatthattime.(那个时候我们正在吃晚饭。)

解说如例1所示,在单句中使用过去进行时来表达时必须把该动作正在进行中的时间表明清楚,否则就不合逻辑了。例如:Iwastakingabathyesterday.(错)

(昨天我正在洗澡昨天24小时都正在洗澡吗?)

所以本句应该如例1来表达,或者用一般过去时表达如下:Itookabathyesterday.(昨天我洗了澡。)

如果由上下文的文意,或者对谈中的话意可以了解“动作正在进行中的时间”,单句里就使用过去进行时来表达是很普通的,例如:

A:Icalledyouupyesterdayevening.B:Didyou?Atwhattime?

A:Ataroundteno"clock.(大约在十点钟。)

B:Oh,Iwastakingabaththen.(哦,当时我正在洗澡。)

过去进行时在表达上常用的句式是如例2所示和另一个一般过去时的动作相搭配。请观察下面的图解说明:

过去有二动作A和B(如图示),在B动作发生时稍早发生的A动作正好在进行中,所以这种表达法通常都是复句(主句+副词从句)。例如:

WhenIgotupthismorning,Motherwaspreparingbreakfastinthekitchen.(今天早上我起床时妈妈正在厨房里准备早餐。“Mother。”是主句,“when,”是副词从句。)常用于修饰过去进行时的时间副词:过去的某一定点时刻(at+过去的时刻),then(=atthattime)(那时,当时),all+时间,“When/While/As”等副词从句,etc.

Unit4HesaidIwashard-working

1.everySaturday每周六2.firstofall首先3.both……and……两者都(谓语动词要注意对称原则)4.neither….nor两者都不(谓语动词要注意就近和对称原则)5.mostof…绝大多数6.anexcitingweek令人兴奋的一周7.agreeonsomething同意某人的计划;对….取得一致意见8.agreetodosth.答应/同意做…9.passon(to)传递

10.besupposedtodosth.被期望或被要求做......11.bemadat……对疯狂/生气12.dobetterin=bebetterat在......方面做得更好13.beingoodhealth身体健康14.reportcard成绩单

15.sound/feel/smell/taste/look是连系动词,一般只能跟adj.做表语16.soundlike/feellike/smelllike/tastelike/looklike

听起来像…/感觉像…/闻起来像…/尝起来像…/看起来像…+sb./sth.17.get…over克服;恢复;原谅18.openup打开/展开/开发/揭露19.carefor照料;照顾;意愿;计较20.havea(surprise)partyforsb.为某人举行一次(惊喜0聚会21.end-of-yearexam=finalexam期末考试22.not----anymore不再23.doahomeproject做作业

24.besurprised\\happy\\excitedtodosth做某事感到惊讶、高兴、激动25.be\\getnervous感到紧张

26.haveaveryhardtimewith..在---日子不好过27.andisappointingresult令人失望的结果28.take\\leaveamessage捎(留)个口信29.haveabigfight30.itisagoodideaforsb.todosth31.toteachinChina‘sruralareas32.feellucky

33.peoplewhoneedhelp需要帮助的人

34.somethingwecandoforthem我们能为他们做的事35.thereisnodifferencebetween…and..在。。和。。之间没有区别36.GroupsandtheworktheydoGroupsGreenpeaceDoctorsWithoutBorders7

TheworktheydoCaresforMotherEarth‖HelpssickpeopleinpoorcountriesUNICEFWWFHelpschildreninpoorcountriesCaresforwildanimalsindanger37.theHopeProject希望工程38.fortunately

本单元目标句型:

转述他人话语:Whatdidsb.say?HesaidI…Shesaidshe…Theysaid…

1.许老师告诉我徐梦蝶会说二种语言。Mr.XutoldmethatXuMengdiecouldspeakthreelanguages.2.许老师说地球绕着太阳转。Mr.Xusaid(that)theearthturnsaroundthesun.3.许老师告诉我他将去北京。ShetoldmehewouldgotoBeijingthenextday.

4.许老师说欧洋正在做作业Mr.XusaidOuYangwasdoinghishomeworkatthattime.5.许老师说王硕研勤奋。Mr.XusaidWangShuoyanwashard-working.

6.在英语上,与听相比,我更擅长于读。InEnglish,I‘mbetteratreadingthanlistening.7.情况怎样?How‘sitgoing?8.她不想再当我最好的朋友了。Shedidn‘twanttobemybestfriendanymore.9.Isaiditwouldstartabadhabit,andthatshewoulddoherownwork.10.That‘saboutallthenewsIhavenow.MumandDadsendtheirlove.11.Shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife.

12.TeachinghighschoolstudentsinapoormountainvillageinGansuProvincemaynotlikefuntoyou.13.ThePekingUniversitygraduatefirstwentthereasanvolunteeronaone-yearprogram.14.LifeinthemountainswasanewexperienceforLangLei.Hervillagewas2,000metereabovethesealevel,andatfirst

thethinairmadeherfeelsick.

15.Youngpeopletodayneedtoexperiencedifferentthings

16.Someofthestudentsmaynotbeabletogotoseniorhighschoolorcollage.

17.Icanopenupmystudents‘eyestotheoutsideworldandgivethemagoodstartinlife.18.Shesaidshelikesbeingagoodinfluenceinthechildren‘slives.

19.ShenowworksasamathteacheratahighschoolinthecityofPingliang,GansuProvince.20.YouareatB‘shouseworkingonahomeworkproject.

21.Youweresupposedtomeetatthebusstopthismorningtoreturnit,butAdidn‘tcometothebusstop.22.AcallsyouwithamessageforC.Passonthemessage,andthengiveC‘sanswertoA.23.Whataresomethingsthathappenonsoapoperas?本单元语法讲解

直接引语和间接引语

(一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。

1.时态的变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said,asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变

一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时等。例如:Tomsaidtome,—Mybrotherisdoinghishomework.‖

→Tomsaidtomethathisbrotherwasdoinghishomework.

2.人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化;根据意义进行相应的变化。如:SheaskedJack,—Wherehaveyoubeen?‖→SheaskedJackwherehehadbeen.Hesaid,—Thesebooksaremine.‖→Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.

(二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。

1.陈述句的间接引语:陈述句由直接引语变间接引语,由that引导,可以省略。

—Iwanttheblueone.‖hetoldus.—我想要兰色的。‖他说。→Hetoldusthathewantedtheblueone.他说他想要兰色的。Shesaidtome,—Youcan‘tdoanythingnow.‖她对我说:—此刻你无法做任何事情。‖→ShetoldmethatIcouldn‘tdoanythingthen.她对我说那时我无法做任何事。2.疑问句的间接引语

直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后,叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序,句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask,wonder,wanttoknow等间接疑问句一般有三种:(1).一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether或if引导。如:—HasheeverworkedinShanghai?‖Jimasked.—他在上海工作过吗?‖吉姆问。

→Jimaskedwhether/ifhehadeverworkedinShanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。—Canyoutellmethewaytothehospital?‖Theoldmanasked.那个老人问:—你能告诉我去医院的路吗?

→TheoldmanaskedwhetherIcouldtellhimthewaytothehospital.那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。

(2).特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍由原来的疑问词引导。如:—Whichroomdoyoulivein?‖Heasked.—你住哪个房间?‖他问我。→HeaskedmewhichroomIlivedin.他问我住哪个房间。—Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?‖Sheasked.她问—你怎么看这部电影?‖→Sheaskedherfriendwhatshethoughtofthefilm.她问她朋友怎么看这部电影。(3).选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether/if…or引导。如:

—IsityourbikeorTom‘s?Mumasked.妈妈问:—这是你的自行车还是汤姆的?‖→Mumaskedwhether/ifitwasmybikeorTom‘s.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。—Doesyoursisterlikebluedressesorgreenones?‖Kateasked.—你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的?‖凯特问。

→Kateaskedwhether/ifmysisterlikedbluedressesorgreenones.凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。

3.祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell,ask,order,beg,request,order等,而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。如:Jacksaid,—Pleasecometomyhousetomorrow,Mary.‖杰克说:—玛丽,明天请到我家来。‖→JackaskedMarytogotohishousethenextday.杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。Theteachersaidtothestudents,‖Stoptalking.‖老师对学生们说:—不要讲话了。‖→Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.老师让学生们不要说话了。—Don‘ttouchanything.‖Hesaid.—不要碰任何东西。‖他说。→Hetoldusnottotouchanything.他对我们说不要碰任何东西。4.动词时态和代词等的变动

(1).某些代词,限定词,表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则:直接引语间接引语todaythatday

nowthen,atthatmomentyesterdaythedaybeforethedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforetomorrowthenextday/thefollowingdaythedayaftertomorrowtwodaysafter,/intwodaysnextweek/monthetcthenextweek/monthetclastweek/monthetctheweek/monthetc.beforeherethere

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thisthatthesethosecomegobringtake

(2).如果引述动词为现在时形式,则间接引语中的动词时态,代词,限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时,以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下:现在时间推移到过去的时间(注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的,那么时态仍然用一般现在时一般现在时→一般过去时;现在进行时→过去进行时;一般将来时→过去将来时;现在完成时→过去完成时;

Unit5Ifyougototheparty,you’llhaveagreattime!

1.attheparty在晚会上2.asksb.todosth.请某人做某事3.stayathome呆在家4.halftheclass/students一半学生5.getinjured受伤

6.haveagreattime=haveawonderful\\goodtime玩得高兴

7.take…away运走,取走putaway收起来,放好8.allthetime=always一直,始终9.makealiving(bydoingsth)谋生10.inordertodosth…为了做某事11.haveaparty举行聚会12.gotocollege上大学

13.befamousfor…因而著称befamousas作为而出名14.makemoney=earnmoney挣钱15.infact事实上16.laughat…嘲笑

17.toomuch太多(修饰不可数名词)toomany太多(修饰可数名词复数)muchtoo+形容词/副词太18.getexercise锻炼注意(exercise当“锻炼”是不可数名词;而当“操”“练习”是可数名词)19.travelaroundtheworld周游世界20.workhard努力工作21.wearjeans穿牛仔裤

22.let...in允许进入,嵌入keepout不允许。。进入23.getaneducation获得教育24.take…away拿开,拿走25.studyforthetest准备考试

26.makesomefood准备食物makedumplings做水饺makethebed整理床铺27.halftheclass一半的学生

28.therulesforschoolparties学校派对的规则29.children‘shospital儿童医院30.jointheLions加入狮队

31.givemoneytoschoolsandcharities给学校和慈善组织捐钱32.becomeaprofessionalsoccerplayer成为一个职业的足球运动员33.organizethegamesfortheclassparty为班级派对准备游戏

34.playsportsforaliving靠体育运动为生

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本单元目标句型:

1.Ifyoudo,you‘ll…2.I‘mgoingto…3.Youshould…4.Don‘tyouwantto…?5.Don‘tyouthink….?

①如果李老师去参加晚会,我们将会玩得非常高兴。IfMsLigoestotheparty,we‘llhaveagreattime.②如果你穿牛仔裤去晚会,李老师将不会让你进入。Ifyouwearjeanstotheparty,MsLiwon‘tletyouin.6.Formanyyoungpeople,becomingaprofessionalathletemightseemlikeadreamjob.

7.Ifyoubecomeaprofessionalathlete,youwillbeabletomakealivingdoingsomethingyoulove.8.However,professionalathletescanalsohavemanyproblems.

9.Ifyouarefamous,peoplewillwatchyouallthetimeandfollowyoueverywhere.Thiscanmakelifedifficult.10.Ifyoubecomerich,youwillhaveadifficulttimeknowingwhoyourrealfriendsare.11.Infact,manyfamouspeoplecomplainthattheyarenothappy.本单元语法讲解

if引导的条件状语从句。If是连词,所连接的句子叫条件状语从句,表示假设或条件,意思是用法如下:

1、表示假设,表示将会发生和可能发生的事,或进行提醒警告。句子结构如下:If+句子(一般现在时),+主句(主语will/may/can)+动词)a.Ifyoufinishyourhomework,youcangooutandplay.b.IfIhaveenoughmoneynextyear,Iwillgototravel.

2.表示真实条件、客观真理、自然现象、定理定义.民间谚语等,句型是:If+句子(一般现在时),+主句(一般现在时).例:Ifyoustudyhard,youaresuretosucceed.Ifyouputiceinawarmplace,itturnsintowater.Ifaglassfallsonthefloor,itusuallybreaksIfyoucookabanana,itbecomesverysoft.Ifaplantdon‘tgetenoughlight,itgrowsverytallandthin.

Unit6Howlonghaveyoubeencollectingshells?

1.raisemoneyfor筹钱2.collectstamps集邮3.runoutof…用尽4.bytheway顺便说一下5.onthewayto..在…的路上6.beinterestedin对…感兴趣7.morethan=over超过8.flykites放风筝9.startclass开始上课

10.startasnowglobecollector‘sclub开办雪球仪收集者俱乐部11.themostcommon(unusual,interesting)hobby最普通的爱好12.listentomusicvideos听音乐碟片

13.organizeatalentshowtoraisemoneyforcharity为慈善机构捐钱而举办的才艺展示14.extraEnglishlessons额外的英语课15.haveproblemswiththelanguage语言方面有问题16.thecapitalofHeilongjiangProvince黑龙江的省会

17.aninterestingcitywithacolorfulhistory一个有着丰富多彩历史文化的有趣的城市18.threeandahalfyears=threeyearsandahalf三年半

19.apairofskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans一双滑冰鞋/一双鞋/一副眼镜/一条裤子/牛仔裤

Howmuchisapairofskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?

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—如果…的话‖,

=Howmuchdoesa(this)pairofskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeanscost?Howmucharetheskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?=Howmuchdotheskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeanscost?本单元目标句型:

1.Howlonghaveyoubeenskating?你滑冰有多长时间了?2.I‘vebeenskatingsincenineo‘clock./sinceIwasfouryearsold.

我从九点一直滑到现在/我从四岁一直滑到现在。3.I‘vebeenskatingforfivehours.我一直滑了五小时。4.ThemoreIlearnaboutChinesehistory,themoreIenjoylivinginChina.

我对中国的历史了解得越多,我就越喜欢住在中国。

5.Wasthisyourfirstskatingmarathon?No,Iskatedinamarathonlastyear.6.Whendidyougetyourfirstpairofskates?

7.Alisonwasthefirstonetostartandhasbeenskatingforthewholefivehours.

Alison是第一个开始并且已经滑了整整5个小时。

8.I‘mtalkingtoyoufromtheHilltopSchoolSkatingMarathon.9.Foreveryhourtheyskate,eachstudentraisestenyuanforcharity.

每滑一个小时,每位学生可为慈善事业筹集10元钱。

10.Thanksforsendingmethesnowglobeofthemonster.InfactIthinkit‘sprobablymyfavorite.谢谢你送我的怪物雪球仪。事实上,我想它可能是我的最爱。

11.MymomsaysIhavetostop,becausewe‘verunoutofroomtostorethem.妈妈说我必须停止了,因为我们已经没有地方来存放他们了。

12.ThefirstoneIevergotwasabirthdaycakesnowglobeonmytwelfthbirthday.

我得到的第一个雪球仪是我十二岁生日得到的生日蛋糕雪球仪。

13.Iparticularlyloveglobeswithanimals.Ifyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthem,pleasetellme.我特别喜欢动物雪球仪。如果你知道其他人收集他们的话,请告诉我们。14.Bytheway,what‘syourhobby?15.I‘minterestedinthejobasawriter.

16.Theschoolnewspaperneedsawriter.Wewillgiveyoudifferenttopicstochoosefrom.Togetthejob,pleaseanswer

thesefourquestions.

校报需要一个撰稿人。我们会给你一些不同的话题来选择。要得到这份工作,请回答这样四个问题。17.HowmanyChinesedynastiescanyouthinkof?你能想起多少中国朝代?

18.Canyouthinkoffamouscharactersfromthehistoryofothercountries?Makealist.

从其他国家历史中,你能记起一些著名人物吗?列个表。

19.Infact,thefirstJewsprobablycametoKaifengmorethanathousandyearsagoandwerewelcomedbytheSong

Emperor.

事实上,第一批犹太人可能在一千多年前就来到开封而且受到宋朝皇帝的欢迎。

20.ThereissomeEuropeaninfluenceinthecity,andsomeoftheoldbuildingsinHarbinareinRussianstyle.这个城市有

欧洲文化的影响,而且哈尔滨的一些老建筑还是俄罗斯风格的。

21.Foraforeignerlikeme,themoreIlearnaboutChineseculture,themoreIenjoylivinginChina.对于一个像我一样的外国人来说,我对中国文化了解越多,我就越喜欢住在中国。

22.AndalthoughIlivequitefarfromBeijing,I‘mcertainIwillbeherefortheOlympicGamesin201*.尽管我住得离北京很远,但我相信201*年奥运会我一定在这儿。本单元语法讲解

现在完成进行时:表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间里一直在延续的动作。现在完成进行式结构:have/has+been+doing/

1.Ihavebeenwritingthelettersincethen.从那时起我一直在写这封信。(动作从过去一直持续到现在还在继续)

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2.Ihavebeencollectingstampsfortenyears.自从10年前我就收集邮票了(动作从过去一直现在还在收集)。3.Howlonghaveyoubeenlivinghere?你在这儿已经住了多长时间了。(—居住‖动作从过去一直现在还在继续)现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别:

1现在完成进行时比现在完成时更强调动作的延续性:

2如果没有时间强调,现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行,现在完成时则表示动作已经结束,3现在完成进行时一般不适用于表状态的动词,而现在完成时则可:

,Unit7Wouldyoumindturningdownthemusic?

1.turn…down/turn…up2.turn…on/turn…off3.movethebike4.inaminute/rightaway/innotime5.belateforschool/class=arrivelateforschool6.waitinline=standinline7.cutinline=jumpaqueue8.getmad/annoyed9.happentosb10.halfanhour11.atfirst12.atlast=intheend=finally13.allowsb.todo/nottodosth.14.beallowedtodo/nottodosth.15.inpublic16.inpublicplaces17.breaktherule18.pick…up19.put…out20.droplitter21.keepthevoicedown22.dothedishes

23.putonanotherpairofjeans24.beatameeting

25.helpmeinthekitchen26.makesomeposters27.clothingstore28.follow…around29.wanttobepolite

30.standinthesubwaydoor31.cutinline

32.standcloseto..

33.havedifferentideasabout34.feeluncomfortable35.inallsituations36.inpublicplaces本单元目标句型:

1.Wouldyoumindcleaningtheyard?

关小声/调大声音(电器)打开/关闭(电器)移动自行车立刻,马上上学/上课迟到排队等候插队变得生气发生在…身上半小时首先最后允许某人做/不做某事某人不被允许某人做/不做某事当众地;公开地;公然地在公共场所不遵守规则捡起熄灭扔垃圾控制声音你介意打扫院子吗?

2.Notatall.I‘lldoitrightaway.一点也不.我马上就扫.3.Wouldyoumindnotplayingbaseballhere.你介意不要在这打棒球吗?4.Wouldyoumindgivingmeasmallerone?5.Sorry,we‘llgoandplayinthepark.对不起,我们到公园去打.6.Couldyou(please)makedinner?请做晚饭好吗?7.That‘snoproblem.没问题.

8.Couldyou(please)notfeedthedog?=Wouldyoumindnotfeedingthedog?=Wouldyou(please)notfeedthe

dog?=Pleasedon‘tfeedthedog,willyou?请不要喂狗好吗?9.Ifyoufinishthesetasks,wecangotoamovietonight.10.Yourbarbergaveyouaterriblehaircut.11.Thestoreclerkgaveyouthewrongsize.12.Thewaitressbroughtyouthewrongfood.13.Thepenyouboughtdidn‘twork.

14.YouorderedahamburgerwithFrenchfriesbutonlygotahamburger.15.Weaskedsomepeoplewhatannoyedthem.Here‘swhattheysaid.

16.Idon‘tlikewaitinginlinewhenashopassistanthasalongtelephoneconversation.17.Thishappenstomeallthetimeintheschoollibrary.18.PerhapsinthefutureIshouldtrynottobesopolite.

19.Thewaypeoplebehaveisdifferentindifferentculturesandsituations.20.Sometimes,rulesofetiquettearethesamealmosteverywhere.

21.Wemightwanttoasksomeonetobehavemorepolitelyifweseethembreakingaruleofetiquette.22.Etiquettemeansnormalandpolitesocialbehavior.

23.Thismayseemlikeadifficultwordatfirst,butitcanbeveryusefultounderstand.24.Infact,weshouldalsotakecarenottocoughorsneezeloudlyinpublicifpossible.25.Peopledon‘tusuallyliketobecriticized,sowehavetobecarefulhowwedothis.26.看到有人抽烟你可以说:Couldyoupleaseputoutthatcigarette?27.看到有人乱丢垃圾你可以说:Wouldyoumindpickingitup?28.看到有人插对你可以说:Sorry,wouldyoumindjoiningtheline?常见动名词、分词的习惯用法总结使用-ing分词的几种情况1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.

1.在进行时态中。如:1.HeiswatchingTVintheroom.2.Theyweredancingatnineo"clocklastnight.2.在therebe结构中。如:Thereisaboyswimmingintheriver.

3.在havefun/problems结构中。如:WehavefunlearningEnglishthisterm.Theyhadproblemsgettingtothetopofthemountain.4.在介词后面。如:Thanksforhelpingme.Areyougoodatplayingbasketball?What/Howaboutdoingsth?做某事怎么样?Iaminterestedinplayingfootball.5.在以下结构中enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事;9.find/see/hear/watchsbdoing发现/看到/听到/观看某人做finishdoingsth;完成做某事;10.trydoingsth试图做某事;feellikedoingsth想要做某事;11.needdoingsth需要做某事;stopdoingsth停止做某事(原来的事)12.preferdoingsth宁愿做某事;forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事;13.minddoingsth介意做某事;goondoingsth继续做某事(原来的事);14.missdoingsth错过做某事;rememberdoingsth记得做过某事;15.practicedoingsth练习做某事;likedoingsth喜欢做某事;16.bebusydoingsth忙于做某事;

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17.can"thelpdoingsth禁不住做某事;

18.wastetime/moneydoing浪费时间/金钱做…;19.keepsb.doing让…始终/一直做…

20.stopsb.(from)doing阻止某人做某事

21.preferdoingBtodoingB=likeAbetterthanA喜欢做A更喜欢做B22.—dosome+doing‖短语如:dosomeshopping/dosomewashing/dosomereading/dosomepracticing/dosomecleaning/dosomespeaking

23.—godoing‖短语去做某事(主要指文娱活动等)

如:goshopping/gofishing/goswimming/gohiking/goskating/gocamping/goskiing(滑雪/goboating/gohunting(打猎)

.注意动词的过去分词的常见搭配:

Ifeel(am/was)excited/surprised/amazed/interested/tired/pleased/worried/lostKeep…closed/aboycalled/namedTom

Unit8Whydon’tyougetherascarf?

1.fallasleep入睡2.give…away赠送;分发3.ratherthan宁愿…而不是,胜于4.woulddo…ratherthando宁愿…不愿做5.hearof…听说6.makefriendswith和……交友7.photoalbum像册8.toopersonal太私人化9.notinteresting\\special\\creativeenough不够有趣10.makeaspecialmeal做一顿特别的饭11.an8-year-oldchild一个六岁的孩子12.thesedays最近13.not…atall根本不14.differentkindsof不同种类15.makeherhappy使她高兴16.someoneelse别人(else总是后置)17.improveEnglish提高英语18.indifferentways以不同的方式19.encouragesbtodo鼓励某人做20.make(great)progress取得进步21.takeaninterestin/beinterestedin对……感兴趣22.onmytwelfth\\twentiethbirthday23.agoldfishtwogoldfish24.apignamed\\calledConnie25.fromacrossChina

26.enteratestbysingingpopularEnglishsongs27.comefromallagegroups

28.thewinnerofthewomen‘scompetition29.wintheprize

30.trytospeakEnglishmore

31.aspokespersonfromtheOlympicCommittee32.hearof

33.manyotherfunwaystolearnEnglish

34.makefriendswithanativespeakerofEnglish35.findagoodwaytolearntolearnEnglish本单元目标句型:

1.WhatshouldIgetmymomforherbirthday?我应该为我的妈妈买什么?

2.Whydon‘tyou/Whynotbuy/Whataboutbuying/Howaboutbuyingascarf?为什么不买条

围巾呢?

3.What‘sthebestgiftyouhaveeverreceived?你曾收到的最好礼物是什么?4.Whataluckyguy!多幸运的家伙!5.Ithinkadogisagoodpetfora6-year-oldchild.

6.Really?Idon‘tagree.Dogsaretoodifficulttotakecareof.7.Whatareadvantagesanddisadvantagesofkeepingsuchapet?8.Thetrendiestkindofpetthesedaysisthepot-belliedpig.9.Pot-belliedpigsmakethebestpets.

10.However,lifewithapigisn‘talwaysperfect.

11.Nowsheistoobigtosleepinthehouse,soImadeheraspecialpighouse.12.Themoviewasboring.Ifellasleephalfwaythroughit.13.Aleaffromatreeisenoughtomakeherveryhappy.13.Giftgivingisdifferentindifferentcountries.

14.Thesamegiftmaybegivenawaytosomeoneelse.

15.IntheUSA,somepeopleasktheirfamiliesandfriendstogivemoneytocharityratherthan

buythemgifts.

16.InSweden,doingsomethingforsomeoneisthebestgift.Peopledon‘tneedtospendtoo

muchmoney.Instead,makingamealisenough.

17.Chinawillbethehostforthe201*OlympicsandsomanyChinesepeopletrytoimprovetheirEnglishindifferentways.Chinawillholdthe….

18.Nearlyallthesingerssangveryclearly,andlookedcomfortableonstage.

19.SomeofthesesingerswereabletosingEnglishsongsjustaswellasnativespeakers.20.ShesaidthatsingingEnglishsongsmadehermoreinterestedinlearningEnglish.21.HeagreesthatitisagoodideatohavefunwithEnglish.

22.ItsuggestswaysforBeijingerstotakeaninterestinlearningEnglish.常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结

.固定用法(非谓语动词):以下是带to的动词不定式常见搭配★希望做某事hopetodosth.

★同意做某事agreetodosth.

★使用某物做某事usesthtodosth★准备做某事get/bereadytodo

★计划做某事plantodosth.★轮流做某事takeone‘sturnstodosth.★告诉某人做某事tellsb.todosth.

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★决定做某事decidetodosth.

★需要某人做某事needtodosth.★迫不及待做某事can‘twaittodo★尽力/努力做某事trytodosth★不得不havetodo★拒绝做某事refusetodosth.★请某人做某事asksb.todosth.

★希望某人做某事wishsb.todosth.★想要某人做某事want/wouldlikesb.todosth.

★同意某人做某事agreesb.todosth.★教某人做某事teachsb.todosth.★喜欢/想要某人做某事likesb.todosth.★帮助某人做某事helpsb.todosth/helpsb.do

★encouragesbtodo鼓励某人做

★It‘sone‘sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事例句:Ityourturntocleantheblackboard.

★It‘stime(forsb.)todosth.是某人做某事时候了例句:It‘stimeformetogohome.★It‘s+adj.for/ofsb.todosth.对于某人来说做某事是……(当adj.是表示性格、品德的形容词时用of)例句:Itiseasyformetolearnitwell.Itisverykind/foolish/niceofyoutodoso.★Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人做某事花了某时间

例句:1.Ittakesmeanhourtogettoschoolbybike.2.IttookmeanhourtowatchTVlastnight.

3.Itwilltakehertwoweekstofinishthework.★too+adj./adv.todosth.太…..而不能例:Hewastoangrytosayaword.

★find/think/feelit+adj.todosth.发现/认为/感到做某事是…例:Ifind/think/feelithardtolearnEnglishwell.

★序数词+todo第…..个做某事例句:Whoisthefirsttogetthere?★我不知/忘记了怎么办。Ididn"tknow/forgotwhattodo.★离开房间时不要忘记/记住关灯

例句:Don‘tforget/Remembertoturnoffthelightswhenyoulefttheroom★be+adj+todosth例句:Iamverysorrytohearthat.

Iamreadytohelpothers.Iamhappy/pleased/gladtomeetyou.

顺口溜:本领最多不定式,主表定补宾和状;样样成分都能干,只有谓语它不敢;大家千万要小心,有时它把句型改;作主语时用it,自己在后把身藏;七个感官三使役,宾补要把to甩开;疑问词后接上它,宾语从句可充当;逻辑主语不定式,不定式前加forsb.;to前not是否定,各种用法区别开。

以下是不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)的常见用法

★letsb.dosth让某人做某事★makedosth使得某人做某事★heardosthdosth听见某人做某事★seedosthdosth看见某人做某事

★whynot或whydon‘tyou+动词原形?为什么不….?(表示建议)例:Whynot/Whydon‘t

youtakeawalk?

★某人+hadbetter(not)do某人最好(不)做某事

★情态动词can/may/must/should+动词原形(包括情态动词的否定形式+动词原形)★助动词do/does/did/will/would在构成疑问句或者构成否定句即don‘t/doesn‘t/didn‘t/willnot

/wouldnot+动词原形

★begoingto+动词原形(表示“即将”“打算”做某事)

Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark?

1.takearide兜风2.takethesubway

3.havebeento,havegoneto

4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.

ontheonehand,ontheotherhandagoodplacetopracticeyourEnglishoutsideofChinaendup结束takeaholiday/vacation度假allyearround全年suchas例如azoocalled/named…一个叫做……的动物园duringthedaytime在白天wakeup醒来wakesomebodyup唤醒/叫醒某人haveagreat/nice/wonderful/greattime玩得高兴awonderfulplacetotakeaholiday/tovisit一个度假/游览的好地方anEnglish-speakingcountry一个讲英语的国家beasleep=fallasleep睡着goonaDISNEYcruise

traveltoanotherprovinceofChinathereasonsforlearningEnglishanexchangestudent

improvemylisteningskillsone….,theother..

ThreequartersofthepopulationareChinese.四分之三的人口是中国人(谓语动词用复数形式)

26.What‘sthepopulationofChina?中国的人口是多少?(不用howmuch提

问)

27.thepopulationofChinais1.3billion中国的人口是13亿。(谓动词用单形式)本单元目标句型:

1.Meneither.

2.It‘sfuntolearnanotherlanguage.

3.Disneylandisanamusementpark,butwecanalsocallitathemepark.

4.Ithasallthenormalattractionsyoucanfindatanamusementpark,butitalsohasatheme.5.therollercoasteristhemedwithDisneycharacters.

6.YoucanseeDisneycharacterswalkingaroundDisneylandallthetime.

7.ThesearehugeboatsthatalsohavetheDisneytheme.Youcantakearideontheboatfor

severaldays,andyousleepandeatonboard.

8.TherearealsomanyattractionsonboardjustlikeanyotherDisneyland.9.Theboatridesalltakedifferentroutes,buttheyallendupinthesameplace.10.ItisjustsomuchfuninDisneyland.

11.Here‘swhattwoofourstudentssaidaboutourschool.

12.WhenIwasayounggirl,allIeverwantedtodowastraveling,andIdecidedthatthebest

waytodothiswastobecomeaflightattendant.

13.IdiscoveredthatthemostimportantrequirementwastospeakEnglishwell,soIstudied

EnglishattheHilltopLanguageSchoolforfiveyearsbeforeIbecameaflightattendant.14.ItwasbecauseIcouldspeakEnglishthatIgotthejob.

15.It‘sallIhaveeverwantedtobe.

16.However,IknowthatIhavetoimprovemyEnglish,soIhavestartedtakinglessonsatthe

school.

17.MaybewhenIleaveschoolI‘llthinkaboutbecominganEnglishteacherratherthanatour

guide.

18.Whatotherjobishethinkingofdoing?

19.Youcanrentbicyclesattheamusementpark.

20.FormanyChinesetourists,thissmallislandinSoutheastAsiaisawonderfulplacetotakea

holiday.

21.Maybeyoufearthatyouwon‘tbeabletofindanythingtoeatinaforeigncountry.22.However,ifyourefeelingbrave,Singaporeisanexcellentplacetotrynewfood.23.Ifyougotoseelions,tigers,orfoxesduringthedaytime,they‘llprobablyaasleep.

24.OnegreatthingaboutSingaporeisthatthetemperatureisalmostthesameallyearround..this

isbecausetheislandissoclosetotheequator.Soyoucanchoosetogowheneveryoulikespring,summer,orwinter.现在完成时句型举例:

1.Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark?你曾经去过游乐园吗?Yes,Ihave./No,I

haven‘t.

2.Ihaveneverbeenthere.Meneither=NeitherhaveI.我也没有.3.Whereishe?HehasgonetotheBeijing.4.HowlonghashebeeninBeijing?(不能用come/arrive)5.I‘veneverbeentoanaquarium.我从没去过水族馆.6.Ihavebeenastudenthereforayear.我成为这的学生有一年了.(不能用

become)

=Ibecameastudenthereayearago.

7.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears.(不能用die)=hediedtwoyearsago.

8.Ihavebeenateachersincetenyearsago(fortenyears.)(不能用become)

9.Ihavejust/ever/already/neverseenthemovie.Haveyoueverheardofthemanbefore?

本单元语法讲解

现在完成时

1.现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。本时态标志词:already(—已经‖,用于肯定句中,放在have/has之后或句尾);yet(—仍然‖—还‖,用于疑问句或否定句的句尾)just(—刚刚‖,放在have/has之后);before(—以前‖,放在句尾);

ever(—曾经‖,放在have/has之后)never(—从没有‖,在have/has之后)例句:

1.Ourteacherhasjustleft.2.WehavestudiedEnglishalready.3.Ihavenotfinishedthehomeworkyet.

4.HehasneverbeentoBeijingbefore.

2.某个动作从过去已经开始,一直持续到现在,还有可能持续到将来.动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示一段时间的表达方法有两种:

for:+一段时间forayearfortwoweeksforthreeyearsSince+过去的某一时刻,sinceninesincelastweek

Since+一般过去时态的时间状语从句sinceyoucame;sinceyougothome.

注意:结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是它们可以转换成相应的延续性动词.

1.直接用延续性动词

buyhave;catch(get)acoldhaveacold;borrowkeep;becomebe;puton--wear2.转换成be+名词

jointhearmybeasoldier;jointhePartybeaPartymember;gotoschoolbeastudent3转换成be+形容词或副词

diebedead;finishbeover;beginbeon;leavebeaway;fallsleepbeasleepclosebeclosedcometo/goto/arriveat(in)+某地bein(at)+某地4.转换成be+介词短语gotoschoolbeinschool;getup_beup;现在完成时态常见标志词

1.already(已经),just(刚刚),never(从未/从没有),ever(曾经),yet(仍然/还),before

(以前(句尾时)

2.since+点时刻或从句;for+段时间;howlong(疑问句中用来提问since/for短语的)3.sofar;tillnow;bynow(到目前为止;迄今)4.recently近来inthepast/last+段时间在过去的几年中5.once(一次),twice,three(four…)times

6.Itisthe+最高级+n.+(that)sb.haveeverdone

例:What‘sthebestgiftyouhaveeverreceived?你曾收到的最好礼物是什么?

Unit10It’saniceday,isn’tit?

1.feellikedoing=wanttodosth.想做某事2.liketodosth./likedoingsth.喜欢做某事3.wouldliketodo=wanttodo想要做某事4.likesb.todo想要某人做某事5.feellikesth.觉得像….6.haveahard/difficulttimedoingsth费了很大劲做某事7.haveproblemdoingsth做某事有困难8.havefundoingsth乐于做某事9.needtodosth.需要做某事(主语是人,强调主动)10.needdoing=needtobedone需要被…(主语是物,强调被动)例如:IneedtodomyhomeworkThebikeneedsmending/reparing11.athank-younotefor..感谢信12.lookthrough浏览13.getalong/onwellwith相处得好14.atleast至少15.atmost最多16.becareful=lookout当心,小心

小心做/不做某事过街(穿过表面)穿过(空间/房间/森林等)经过/路过跟着来

小声地/大声地说某物值多少钱高/低温价格高/低努力/尽力做某事

17.becarefultodo/nottodosth.18.crossastreet=goacrossastreet19.gothrough20.gopast21.comealong22.sayinalow/loudvoice23.somethingcost+钱=somethingisworth+钱24.ahigh/lowtemperature25.thepriceishigh/low26.do/tryone‘sbesttodosth.27.bynoon28.lookthroughbooksinabookstore29.aboyyou‘veneverseenbefore.目标句型:反意疑问句句型如下:1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.

注意:以下本单元语法反意疑问句容易考到的几个句型:

Itlookslikerain,doesn‘tit?Yes,itdoes./No,itdoesn‘t看起来要下雨了,是吗?He‘sreallygood,isn‘the?他确实好,是吗?Youarenewhere,aren‘tyou?你是新来的,是吗?YouhaveneverbeentoBeijing,haveyou?(never表达否定含义,后面用肯定)Shehasfewfriends,doesshe?(few表达否定含义,后面用肯定)Tomhadlittleworktodo,didhe?(little表达否定含义,后面用肯定)Youcanhardlydothework,canyou?(hardly表达否定含义,后面用肯定)Let‘sgohome,shallwe?

Don‘tbelateagain/Letusgohome,willyou?(祈使句用willyou;但Let‘s开头的用shallwe)Thankyousomuchforasking/inviting/havingme!非常感谢你邀请我

Howmuchdoesthatshirtcost=Howmuchistheshirt?那件衬衣值多少钱?Hesureis.

Thisisgreatweather,isn‘tit?Itsureis.Butit‘salittlehotforme.Thelineisslow,isn‘tit?

Theirpricesarereallylow,aren‘tthey?Howbigisyourapartment?

DidyouseethegameonTVFridaynight?

Sometimesitisn‘teasybeingthenewkidatschool.Thevideoyoushowedwasreallyfun.

Iwashavingahardtimefindingituntilyoucamealong.

Friendslikeyoumakeitaloteasiertogetalonginanewplace.

Thanksfortheticketsfornextweek‘sgame.I‘mreallyhappytohavethetickets.I‘llthinkofyouaswewatchtheBlackSockswinthegame.Thetrafficisverybusyatthistime.

I‘mgoingtolookthroughthenewspaperforaholidayjob.Becarefultolookbothwaysbeforeyoucrossthestreet.

Ifyouhavefinishedyourhomework,youcouldhelpwithcleaningandcooking.

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