初中重点英语语法小型总结
1(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listento、lookat(感官动词)+doeg:Ilikewatchingmonkeysjump2（比较级and比较级）表示越来越怎么样You’llbebetterandbetter3apieceofcake=easy小菜一碟（容易）4agreewithsb赞成某人
5allkindsof各种各样，akindof一样6allovertheworld=thewholeworld整个世界7alongwith同一道，伴随Iwillgoalongwithyou我将和你一起去
8Assoonas一怎么样就怎么样9asyoucansee你是知道的10askfor求助向要（直接接想要的东西）eg:askyouformybook11asksbforsth向某人什么
12asksbtodosth叫某人做某事asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事13attheageof在岁时eg：IamsixteenIamattheageofsixteen14atthebeginningof的起初；的开始
15attheendof+地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg:Attheendoftheday16atthistimeofyear在每年的这个时候
17be/feelconfidentofsth感觉/对什么有信心，自信eg:Iam/feelconfidentofmyspokenEnglish18be+doing表示：1现在进行时2将来时
19beabletodo=cando能够eg:SheisabletosingShecansing20
21beafraidtodo/ofsth恐惧，害怕eg:I"mafraidtogooutatnight.I"mafraidofthedog22beallowedtodo被允许做什么eg:I"mallowedtowatchTV我被允许看电视23beangrywithsb生某人的气eg:Don"tbeangrywithme24beangrywith(at)sbfor(doing)sth为而生某人的气
25beas+形容词原级+as和什么一样eg:Sheisastallasme她和我一样高26beashamedto为做而感到羞耻
27keepawayfrom远离28beawayfrom从离开
29bebadfor对有害eg:Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30bebornat/in出生于eg：IwasborninChina.
31bebusydoingsth忙于做什么事bebusywithsth忙于
32becareful当心；小心33bedifferentfrom和什么不一样34befamousfor以著名35befriendlytosb对某人友好36befrom=comefrom来自eg：HeisfromBeijing=HecomesfromBeijing
37befullof=befilledwith充满/装满了eg:theglassisfullofwatertheglassisfilledwithwater38begladtodo很高兴去做某事39begoingtodo将来时40begoodat(+doing)=dowellin在某方面善长,善于
41begoodfor对什么有好处eg:ReadingaloudisgoodforyourEnglish
42behappytodo很高兴做某事43beingoodhealth身体健康
44behelpfultosb对某人有好处eg:Readingaloudishelpfultoyou大声朗读对你有好处45beintrouble处于困难中eg:Sheisintrouble。46beinterestedin对某方面感兴趣
47belatefor迟到eg:Belateforclass上课迟到48belike像eg:I"mlikemymother
49bemadat=beangrywith生某人的气50bemadefrom由制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51bemadeof由制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52benotsure表不确定
53beonavisitto参观54bepopularwithsb受某人欢迎55bequiet安静56beshortfor是的缩写57besorrytodosth58besickinbed生病在床59besorryforsb对某人感到遗憾、抱歉60besure表示确定61bestrictindoingsth严于做某事eg:He"sstrictinobeyingrules
62bestrictwithsb对某人要求严格eg:Theyarenotstrictwiththemselves他们对自己不严格63bestrictwithsbinsth某方面对某人严格64besupposedtodo被要求干什么
66besureofdoingsth对做某事有信心eg:HeissureofwinningIamsureoflearningEnglishwell67besureofsth对做某事有信心eg:I"msureofmyhead(myteacher我相信我的大脑（老师）68besurethatsth对做某事有信心eg:I"msurethathecanpassthetest我相信他能通过考试69besuretodosth一定会做某事eg:Wearesuretopassthetest我们一定会通过这次考试70beterrifiedof+名/动doing害怕71beterrifiedtodosth害怕做某事72bethesameas和什么一样73beusedtodoingsth习惯做某事eg:Heisusedtogettingupearly他习惯早睡74beworthdoing值得做什么75be(feel)afraidtodosth害怕做某事beafraidofsth害怕某物beafraidthat丛句76because+句子becauseof+短语eg:HewaslatebecausehehadaheadacheHewaslatebecauseofhisheadache77begintodo=starttodo开始做某事startwith=beginwith以开始eg:Ibegintogohome.Let"sbeginthegamewiththesong.
78betweenand两者之间79bother打扰bothersbtodosth
Theproblemhasbeenbotheringmeforweeks这个问题困扰了我几个周了He"sbotheringmetolendhimmoney80takesbto+地点带某人去某地eg:Canyoutakemetothehospital?
81borrowsthfromsb向某人借某物lendsthtosb(lendsbsth借给什么东西eg:Iborrowedapenfromhim.Helentapentome(helentmeapen
82bytheendof到为止83callsbstheg:Wecallhimoldwang84careabout关心eg:Don"tyoucareaboutthiscountry"sfuture?你为什么不关心国家的未来85catchupwithsb赶上某人86chatwithsb和某人闲谈87comein进88comeoverto过来
89comeupwith提出eg:Canyoucomeupwithagoodidea你能想出一个好办法吗？90communicatewithsb和某人交流
91consider+doing考虑做什么eg:WhynotconsidergoingtoLuzhou为什么不考虑去泸州？92danceto随着跳舞eg:Shelikesdancingtothemusic她喜欢随着音乐跳舞
93decidetodosth决定做某事94doasurveyof做某方面的调查95dobetterin在方面做得更好96dowrong做错
97Don"tforgettodosth不要忘了做某事98Don"tmind+doing/从句/名词不要介意99each+单数名词，每一个eg:Eachstudenthasmanybooks每一个学生都有一些书100endup+doing101enjoy+doing喜欢
102escapefrom从逃跑eg:Theprisonershaveescapedfromtheprison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来103expecttodosth期待做某事104falldown摔下来falloff从哪摔下来105fallinlovewithsb/sth爱上什么106finish完成+doing（名词）
107find+it+adj+todo发现做某事怎么样112fromto从某某到某某eg:Frommeforher108findsb/sth+adj发现什么怎么样eg:Ifindthebookinteresting109farfrom离某地远eg:Theschoolisfarfrommyhome
110fittosb=befitforsb适合某人111forgettodo没有做而忘了
eg:Don"tforgettogohomeforgetdoing做了而又忘了eg：Iforgetclosingdoor113get/havesthdown做完，被（别人）做eg:Ihavemyhaircut我理了发(头发被剪了）Tomgothisbadtoothpulledout汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）114getapart-timejob=findapart-timejob
115getalongwellwithsb=getonwellwithsb与某人相处得好
116getalongwithsb=getonwithsb与某人相处117getreadyfor=bereadyfor为什么而准备eg:IgetreadyformathIamreadyformath118getsbintotrouble给某人麻119getsbtodosth120getfrom从某处得到某物
121giveatalk做报告eg:Heisgiveatall122givesthtosbgivesbsth给某人某物123gofish钓鱼goswimming游泳124gooutawayfromgooutof
125goontodo去做下一件事goondoing继续做这件事126gotoschool上学（用于专业的）gototheschool去学校（不一定是上学，有可能只是去学校）127goodwayto好方法128hatetodo讨厌没做过的事hatedoing讨厌做过的事
129haveapartyforsb举办谁的晚会130haveatalk听报告谈一谈
131havebeendoing现在完成进行时eg:YouhavebeentalkingYouhavebeensleepingsince132havebeento(地方）去过某过地方havegoneto（地方）去了某地还没回来133havefun+doing玩得高兴134havesthtodo有什么事要做
eg:Ihavealotofhomeworktodo我有很多家庭作业要做Ihavenothingtodo我没什么事情做135havetodosth必须做某事136havetime+doing有的时间做某事
137havetrouble(problem)(in)doingsth在做某事情上有麻烦
138have(时间)off放假eg:Ihavemonthoff我请一个月得假
139hearsb+do/doing听见某人做某事/正在做某事140helpalot很大用处
141helpsbwithsth\\one"ssth帮助某人某事（某方面）helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事
142hopetodosth希望做某事143Howabout(+doing)=Whatabout(+doing)144howdoyoulike=whatdoyouthinkof你对的看法
145if＝whether是否eg:Idon"tknowif(whether)Ishouldgototheparty我不知道是否应去参加晚会Hedon"tknowif(whether)wewillarriveontimetomorrowmorning他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146if:如果，假如“主将从现”eg:I"llgotoLuZhouifitdoesn’train假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州Iftheychangetheplantheywillletmeknow假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的147inone"sopinion=sbthink某人认为148insomeways在某些方面149intheend=finally(adv)最后150inthesun在太阳下151inthenorthof什么在什么的北方（north北south南west西east东）
152increase增加eg:They"veincreasedthepriceofpetrolby3%他们把石油价增加了3%153insteadof+（名）代替eg:I"dlikeanappleinsteadofapear我想要苹果，而不要梨子154introducesbtosb介绍某人给某人introduceoneself自我介绍
155invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事156It"s+adj+todo做某事怎么样
157Ittakessbsometimetodosth做某人花掉某人多少时间eg:Ittookme5minutestodomyhomework158It"s+adj+forsbtodosth对某人来说做某事怎么样
159It"s+adjforsb对于某人来说怎么样It"s+adjofsb对某人来说太怎么样160It"s+adj(forsb)todo（对某人来说）做某事怎么样
161It"sagoodideaforsbtodosth对来说是个好主意
162It"simportanttosb对某人来说很重要eg:It"simportanttome
163It"stimetodosth=It"stimeforsth到了该去做某事的时间eg:It"stimetohaveclass164join=takepartin参加165justnow刚才
166keep+sb/sth+adj/介词短语让什么保持什么样？167keepout不让进入
168keepsbadj让保持eg:Iwanttokeepmymotherhappykeephealthy保持健康
169keyto+名词表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案170keytoanswertokey可以是答题或钥匙171laughat取笑eg:Don"tlaughatothersWelaughedatthejoke
172learnbyoneself自学173learntodosth学做某事174learnfromsb向某人学习eg:WeshouldlearnfromLeiFeng
175letsbdosth让某人做某事176Letsbdown让某人失望
178livein+大地方/at+小地方居住在某地eg:IliveinLuZhouShelivesatXuanTan179lookafter=takecareof照顾照看180loseone"sway谁迷路
181makeadecisiontodosth决定做某事182makeitearly把时间定的早一点183makefriendswithsb和谁成为朋友eg:Iwanttomakefriendswithyou
184makeonexhibitionofoneself让某人出洋相185makesb/sthadj使某人/某物怎么样186makesb/n+n使什么成为什么eg:ImadehermystepmollerImadeyoumywife187makesb/sth+adj使某人（某物）怎么样eg:Youmustmadeyourbedclean188makesbdosth让某人做某事eg:Imadehimwrite我以前让他写
189makeupbemadeupof(被动语态）由组成190makedifferenceto191mindsbtodomindone"sdoing介意做什么192most+名mostof+代193muchtoo+形容词194mustbe一定195need+名词
196needsbdosth需要某人做某事197needtodo(实义动词）needdo(情态动词）198no/neitherofhatetodono/neitherofhatedoing199no+名词
200notanymore=nomore再也不eg:Hedidn"tcryanymoreHecriednomore他再也不哭201not(形、副）atalleg:He"snottallatallshedoesn"tjunpfaratall202notatall一点都不203notuntil直到才
eg:Ididn"tsleepuntilmymothercamebackThechilddidn"tstopcryinguntilIgivehersugar204noteither表否定，也不eg:Idon"thavesister,either我也没有姐姐205offer/providesbwithsth给某人提供
206offersbsth=offersthtosb提供某物给某人eg:Iofferyouwater(Iofferwatertoyou我给你提供水207onone"swayto在谁去那的路上208ontime准时intime及时209ontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面
210onthephone=overthephone用电话交谈211oneday＝someday＝someday一天，有一天212oneof+可数名词的复数形式213onetoanother一个到另一个214overandoveragain一遍又一遍的eg:Hecleanedtheflooroverandoveragin
215part-timejob兼职工作fall-timejob全职工作216payfor付钱paythebill开钱，付钱217practice+doing练习做某事218pleasehelpyourself219pleasedwithsb220poolinto=poreinto
222prefersthtosth相对更喜欢eg:Ipreferphysicstochemisty在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理preferdoingtosth比起更喜欢去做eg:Heprefersridingabiketodiving他比起开小车更喜欢骑自行车。prefertodosthratherthandosth宁愿做也不愿
eg:Myunclepreferstobuyanowcarratherthanrepaivtheusedone我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车prefersbnottodosth更愿意eg:Ipreferhernottocome我不喜欢她不来223pretendtodosth装着去做什么pretendthat从句
eg:Thetwocheatspretendedtobeworkingveryhard这两个骗子装着努力工作Hepretendedthathedidnotknowtheanswer他装着不知道答案
224ratherthan宁可也不eg:Iwouldratherbeadoctorthanateacher我愿肯当医生，也不当老师225regardas把当作eg:Iregardyouasmyfriend我把你当作我的朋友226remindsbaboutsth提醒某人什么事remindsbtodosth提醒某人做某事eg:heremindsmeaboutcooking=heremindsmetocook他提醒我做饭
227remindsbofsth使某人想起什么eg:thepicturesremindmeofmyschooldays这照片使我想起了我的学校228returnsthtosb还什么东西给某人229saytooneself对自己说
230saytosb对某人说231sbspendsomemoneyonsth花了多少钱在某事上232sbspendsometimewithsb花了多少时间陪谁233sbwithsb+issbandsb+are234sbspendsometime(in)doingsth花了多少时间做某事
235seesbdo看见某人做过某事seesbdoing看见某人正在做某事
236seemtodo/be+adj显得怎么样eg:YouseemtobetiredYouseemtobehappy237send+sbsth送给某人某物238sendto把什么寄到哪里去？239shock使震惊eg:Oh,It"sonlyyou!Yougivemeashock啊，是你呀！吓我一跳240showsbsth向某人展示某物eg:Ishowherthebook.
241showsbsth=showsthtosb拿什么东西给某人看eg:ShowmeyourpenShowyourpentome242showsthtosb向某人展示某物eg:Ishowthebooktoher.
243someothers一些另一些244startwith从开始beginwith从开始245stayawayfrom远离
eg:We"retoldtostayawayfromtheanimalswhenvisitingthezoo当我们参观zoo时，我们要远离动物246stopdoing停下正在做的事247stopsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事248stopsb(from)doing阻止某人做某事249stoptodo停下正在做的事去做下一件事250such+名这样，这种251suitsb适合某人252surprisesb使某人惊奇toone"ssurprise令某人惊奇
253takeclasses上课254takesbto把某人带去eg:Itakeyoutothehospital255takewalks=takeawalk＝goforawalk散步
256①talkto对谁说eg:Italktoyou②talkwith和谁说eg:Italkwithhim③talkof谈到eg:wetalkedofyou④talkabout谈论关于
257talkwithsb和某人说话258teachsbsth教某人做某事259tellsbdosth告诉某人做某事260tellsbsth告诉某人某事261tellsbsthtellsbthat丛句tellsbnottodosthtellastory
262tellsbtodosth告诉某人做什么tellsbnottodosth告诉某人不要做什么263tellfrom264thankyoufor+doing
265thesame+名词(doing)+as266thesame(名)asas(adjadv)as相同267thewaytodosth＝thewayofdoingsth做某事的方法eg:DoyouknowthewaytolearnEnglishDoyouknowthewayoflearningEnglish268thewayto（地点）到哪的269tooto太怎样而不能=adj+enoughto足够能=sothat+丛句
eg:Heistooyoungtogotoschool=Heissoyoungthathecan"tgotoschool=Heisoldenoughtogotoschool＝Heissooldthathecangotoschool
270translateinto把什么翻译成什么eg:TranslateEnglishintoChinese271travelwithsb和某人去旅游
272tryone"sbesttodosth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg:IwilltrymybesttolearnEnglishwell273trytodosth想干什么，但没成功eg：Hetriedtoclimb他想爬上去，但没成功trydoingsth想干什么，已经做过了eg：Hetriedclimbing他想爬上去，已经做过了274try（on）试衣服haveatry试一下275turndown开小←→turnup开大276turnoff关上←→turnon打开open拆开277upsidedown倒着278visitto参观某个地方279waitforsb
等某人
扩展阅读：初中的英语语法总结
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中学英语语法网络图
一．名词
I.名词的种类：专有名词普通名词可数名词不可数名词国名.地名.人名，团体.机构名称个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词II.名词的数：1.规则名词的复数形式：
名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：规则例词1一般情况在词尾加-smap-maps,sea-seas,girl-girls,day-days2以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词后加-esclass-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,dish-dishesleaf-leaves,thief-thieves,knife-knives,loaf-loaves,wife-wives以-f或-fe结尾的变-f和-fe为v再加-es3词belief-beliefs,chief-chiefs,proof-proofs,roof-roofs,gulf-gulfs加-s4以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-esparty-parties,family-families,story-stories,city-cities以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结5toy-toys,boy-boys,day-days,ray-rays,Henry-Henrys尾的，加-shero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes一般加-es以辅音字母加-o6piano-pianos,photo-photos,auto-autos,kilo-kilos,solo-solos不少外来词加-s结尾的名词zero-zeros/zeroes,volcano-volcanoes/volcanos两者皆可7以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-sradio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,zoo-zoos8以-th结尾的名词加-struth-truths,mouth-mouths,month-months,path-paths,2.不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：规则例词1改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,mouse-mice2单复数相同sheep,deer,series,means,works,fish,speciesli,yuan,jin,3只有复数形式ashes,trousers,clothes,thanks,goods,glasses,compasses,contents4一些集体名词总是用作复数people,police,cattle,staff部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作audience,class,family,crowd,couple,group,committee,government,5population,crew,team,public,enemy,party复数（成员）customs(海关),forces(军队),times(时代),spirits(情绪),drinks(饮6复数形式表示特别含义料),sands(沙滩),papers(文件报纸),manners(礼貌),looks(外表),brains(头脑智力),greens(青菜),ruins(废墟)Americans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans加-s表示Swiss,Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese单复数同形7“某国以-man或-woman结尾的改为人”Englishmen,Frenchwomen-men,-womensons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boyfriends将主体名词变为复数合成名8无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches词womensingers,menservants将两部分变为复数III.名词的所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。1.’s所有格的构成：theboy’sfather,Jack’sbook,herson-in-law’sphoto,单数名词在末尾加’s复数名词一般在末尾加’不规则复数名词后加’stheteachers’room,thetwins’mother,thechildren’stoys,women’srights,2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词承诺中考115分、高考120分登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语
以s结尾的人名所有格加’s或者’表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加’s表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加’sDickens’novels,Charles’sjob,theSmiths’houseJapan’sandAmerica’sproblems,Jane’sandMary’sbikesJapanandAmerica’sproblems,JaneandMary’sfather表示＂某人家＂＂店铺＂，所有格后名词省略thedoctor’s,thebarber’s,thetailor’s,myuncle’s2.’s所有格的用法：today’snewspaper,fiveweeks’holiday１表示时间2theearth’satmosphere,thetree’sbranches表示自然现象3thecountry’splan,theworld’spopulation,China’sindustry表示国家城市等地方的名词4theship’screw,majority’sview,theteam’svictory表示工作群体5amile’sjourney,fivedollars’worthofapples表示度量衡及价值6与人类活动有特殊关系的名词thelife’stime,theplay’splot7某些固定词组abird’seyeview,astone’sthrow,atone’swit’send(不知所措)3.of所有格的用法：用于无生命的东西：thelegsofthechair,thecoverofthebook用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：theclassroomsofthefirst-yearstudents用于名词化的词：thestruggleoftheoppressed二．冠词冠词分为不定冠词（a,an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。I.不定冠词的用法：1Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.指一类人或事，相当于akindof2Aboyiswaitingforyou.第一次提及某人某物，非特指3Westudyeighthoursaday.表示“每一”相当于every，one4Wearenearlyofanage.表示“相同”相当于thesame用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有AMr.Smithcametovisityouwhenyouwereout5ThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.类似性质的人或事6用于固定词组中Acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawalk,manyatime7用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后Thisroomisratherabigone.8用于so(as,too,how)+形容词之后Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.II.定冠词的用法：1表示某一类人或物Thehorseisausefulanimal.2用于世上独一无二的事物名词前theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean3表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?4用于乐器前面playtheviolin,playtheguitar5用于形容词和分词前表示一类人thereach,theliving,thewounded6表示“一家人”或“夫妇”theGreens,theWangs7用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.8用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theFrench9用于表示发明物的单数名词前ThecompasswasinventedinChina.10在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代inthe1990’s11用于表示单位的名词前Ihiredthecarbythehour.12用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前Hepattedmeontheshoulder.III.零冠词的用法：12345专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前Iwantthisbook,notthatone./Whosepurseisthis?March,Sunday,NationalDay,springLincolnwasmadePresidentofAmerica.Helikesplayingfootball/chess.2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词承诺中考115分、高考120分登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语
6与by连用表示交通工具的名词前bytrain,byair,byland7以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight8表示泛指的复数名词前Horsesareusefulanimals.
三．代词：
I.代词可以分为以下七大类：I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they人称主格1代词宾格me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them2mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs3myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves4this,that,these,those,such,some5who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whichever,whatever6that,which,who,whom,whose,asone/some/any,each/every,none/no,many/much,few/little/afew/alittle,7不定代词other/another,all/both,neither/eitherII.不定代词用法注意点：1.one,some与any:1)one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。Oneshouldlearntothinkofothers.Haveyouanybookmarks?No,Idon’thaveanybookmarks.Ihavesomequestionstoask.2)some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。Wouldyoulikesomebananas?Couldyougivemesomemoney?3)some和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。Ihavereadthisarticleinsomemagazine.Pleasecorrectthemistakes,ifany.4)some和数词连用表示“大约”，any可与比较级连用表示程度。Therearesome3,000studentsinthisschool.Doyoufeelanybettertoday?2.each和every:each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。Eachstudenthasapocketdictionary./Each(ofus)hasadictionary./Weeachhaveadictionary.Everystudenthasstrongandweakpoints./Everyoneofushasstrongandweakpoints.3.none和no：
no等于notany，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可以。Thereisnowaterinthebottle.
Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?None.Noneofthestudentsare(is)afraidofdifficulties.4.other和another:
1)other泛指“另外的，别的”常与其他词连用，如：theotherday,everyotherweek,someotherreason,nootherway,
theother特指两者中的另外一个，复数为theothers。如：Heheldabookinonehandandhisnotesintheother.
Twostudentsinourclassfailed,butalltheotherspassedtheexam.
2)another指“又一个，另一个”无所指，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事”如：
Idon’tlikethisshirt,pleaseshowmeanother(one).
Thetrousersaretoolong,pleasegivemeanotherpair/someothers.Somelikefootball,whileotherslikebasketball.5.all和both,neither和either
all表示不可数名词时，其谓语动词用单数。both和all加否定词表示部分否定，全部否定用neither和none.AllofthebooksarenotwritteninEnglish./NotallofthebooksarewritteninEnglish.
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词承诺中考115分、高考120分
物主形容词性代词名词性反身代词指示代词疑问代词关系代词my,your,his,her,its,our,their登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语
Bothofusarenotteachers./Notbothofusareteachers./Eitherofusisateacher.
四．形容词和副词I.形容词：
1.形容词的位置：
1)形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：1修饰some,any,every,no和body,thing,one等构成的复合不定代词时nobodyabsent,everythingpossible2以-able,-ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后thebestbookavailable,theonlysolutionpossible3alive,alike,awake,aware,asleep等可以后置theonlypersonawake4和空间、时间、单位连用时abridge50meterslong5成对的形容词可以后置ahugeroomsimpleandbeautiful6形容词短语一般后置amandifficulttogetonwith2)多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序：代词数词性状形容词冠词冠词前大小指示代词序数性质新旧国籍材料的形容基数词长短颜色不定代词词状态温度产地质地词形状代词所有格名the词allabeautifullargesecondonenewblackChinesesilkboththisgoodshortnextfourcoolyellowLondonstonesuchanotherpoorsquareyour3)复合形容词的构成：1形容词+名词+edkind-hearted6名词+形容词world-famous2形容词+形容词dark-blue7名词+现在分词peace-loving3形容词+现在分词ordinary-looking8名词+过去分词snow-covered4副词+现在分词hard-working9数词+名词+edthree-egged5副词+过去分词newly-built10数词+名词twenty-yearII.副词副词的分类：1时间副词soon,now,early,finally,once,recently5频度副词always,often,frequently,seldom,never2地点副词here,nearby,outside,upwards,above6疑问副词how,where,when,whyhow,when,where,why,whether,however,3方式副词hard,well,fast,slowly,excitedly,really7连接副词meanwhile4程度副词almost,nearly,very,fairly,quite,rather8关系副词when,where,whyIII.形容词和副词比较等级：形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more和most。
1.同级比较时常常用as…as…以及notso(as)…as…如：Iamnotsogoodaplayerasyouare.
2.可以修饰比较级的词有：much,many,alot,even,far,abit,alittle,still,yet,byfar,any,agreatdeal。
3.表示一方随另一方变化时用“themore…themore…”句型。如：Theharderyouwork,themoreprogressyouwillmake.4.用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：Ihaveneverspentamoreworryingday.5.表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：
Ourschoolisthreetimeslargerthanyours./Ourschoolisfourtimesaslargeasyours./Ourschoolisfourtimesthesizeofyours.6.表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite,excellent,extreme,perfect。
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词承诺中考115分、高考120分登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语
五．介词I.介词分类：1简单介词about,across,after,against,among,around,at,below,beyond,during,in,on2合成介词inside,into,onto,outof,outside,throughout,upon,within,without3短语介词accordingto,becauseof,insteadof,upto,dueto,owingto,thanksto4双重介词fromamong,frombehind,fromunder,tillafter,inbetween5分词转化成的介词considering(就而论),including6形容词转化成的介词like,unlike,near,next,oppositeII.常用介词区别：1表示时间的in,on,atat表示片刻的时间，in表示一段的时间，on总是与日子有关2表示时间的since,fromsince指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用，from指从时间的某一点开始3表示时间的in,afterin指在一段时间之后，after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中4表示地理位置的in,on,toin表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外5表示“在…上”的on,inon只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某物一部分6表示“穿过”的through,acrossthrough表示从内部通过，与in有关，across表示在表面上通过，与on有关7表示“关于”的about,onabout指涉及到，on指专门论述8between与among的区别between表示在两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间9besides与except的区别besides指“除了…还有再加上”，except指“除了，减去什么”，不放在句首10表示“用”的in,withwith表示具体的工具，in表示材料，方式，方法，度量，单位，语言，声音11as与like的区别as意为“作为，以…地位或身份”，like为“象…一样”，指情形相似12in与into区别in通常表示位置（静态），into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置六．动词I.动词的时态：1.动词的时态一共有16种，以ask为例，将其各种时态的构成形式列表如下：现在时过去时将来时过去将来时ask/asksaskedshall/willaskshould/wouldask一般am/is/areaskingwas/wereaskingshall/willbeaskingshould/wouldbeasking进行have/hasaskedhadaskedshall/willhaveaskedshould/wouldhaveasked完成shall/willhavebeenaskingshould/wouldhavebeenasking完成进行have/hasbeenaskinghadbeenasking2.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：1)现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况，但和现在有联系，强调的是对现在造成的影响或结果，它不能同表示过去的时间状语连用，汉译英时可加“已经”等词。简言之，利用过去，说明现在。如：Ihavealreadyreadthenovelwrittenbytheworld-famouswriter.(已经看过，且了解这本书的内容)2)一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态，和现在无关，它可和表示过去的时间状语连用，汉译英时可加“过”，“了”等词。简言之，仅谈过去，不关现在。如：Ireadthenovellastmonth.(只说明上个月看了，不涉及现在是否记住)IlivedinBeijingfortenyears.（只说明在北京住过十年，与现在无关）3.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别：两者都可以表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”，在含义上如着重表示动作的结果时，多用现在完成时，如着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性时，则多用现在完成进行时。一般不能用于进行时的动词也不能用于现在完成进行时。Ihavereadthatbook.我读过那本书了。
Ihavebeenreadingthatbookallthemorning.我早上一直在读那本书。4.一般将来时的表达方式：将来时用法例句1will/shall+动词原形Mysisterwillbetennextyear.表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态含有“打算，计划，即将”做某事，或表示很有It’sgoingtoclearup.2begoingto+动词原形We’regoingtohaveapartytonight.可能要发生某事2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词承诺中考115分、高考120分登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语
3be+doing进行时表示go,come,start,move,leave,arrive等词可用进行时Heismovingtothesouth.AretheyleavingforEurope?将来表示按计划即将发生的动作表示安排或计划中的马上就要发生的动作，后面Iwasabouttoleavewhenthebellrang.4beaboutto+动词原形Themeetingisabouttoclose.一般不跟时间状语5beto+动词原形We’retomeetattheschoolgateatnoon.表示按计划进行或征求对方意见时刻表上或日程安排上早就定好的事情，可用一Themeetingstartsatfiveo’clock.6一般现在时表示将来Theplaneleavesattenthisevening.般现在时表示将来II.动词的被动语态：常用被动语态构成常用被动语态构成1一般现在时am/is/areasked6过去进行时was/werebeingasked2一般过去时was/wereasked7现在完成时have/hasbeenasked3一般将来时shall/willbeasked8过去完成时hadbeenasked4过去将来时should/wouldbeasked9将来完成时will/wouldhavebeenasked5现在进行时am/is/arebeingasked10含有情态动词的can/must/maybeasked被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not，短语动词的被动态不可漏掉其中介副词。固定结构begoingto,usedto,haveto,hadbetter变为被动态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动态。如：Treesshouldnotbeplantedinsummer./Theboywasmadefunofbyhisclassmates.Newspapersusedtobesentherebythelittlegirl.注汉语有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构表示。如：Itisbelievedthat…Itisgenerallyconsideredthat…Itissaidthat…意Itiswellknownthat…Itmustbepointedoutthat…Itissupposedthat…Itisreportedthat…Itmustbeadmittedthat…Itishopedthat…事下面主动形式常表示被动意义：如：Thewindowwants/needs/requiresrepairing.Thebookisworthreadingtwice.项Thedoorwon’tshut./Theplaywon’tact.Theclotheswasheswell./Thebooksellswell.Thedishtastesdelicious./Waterfeelsverycold.下面词或短语没有被动态：leave,enter,reach,become,benefit,cost,equal,contain,last,lack,fit,fail,have,appear,happen,occur,belongto,takeplace,breakout,comeabout,agreewith,keepupwith,consistof,haveon,loseheart等等七．情态动词I.情态动词基本用法：情态动词用法否定式疑问式与简答能力（体力，智力，技能）cancannot/cannot/can’tdoCan…do…?Yes,…can.允许或许可（口语中常用）couldcouldn’tdoNo,…can’t.可能性（表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中）May…do…?Yes,…may.maymaynotdo可以（问句中表示请求）No,…mustn’t/can’t.可能，或许（表推测）Might…do…?Yes,…might祝愿（用于倒装句中）mightmightnotdoNo,…mightnot.Must…do…?Yes,…must.必须，应该（表主观要求）mustmustnot/mustn’tdoNo,…needn’t/don’thaveto.肯定，想必（肯定句中表推测）Do…havetodo…?只好，不得不（客观的必须，有时态人称havetodon’thavetodoYes,…do.No,…don’t.变化）oughtnotto/oughtn’ttoOught…todo…?oughtto应当（表示义务责任，口语中多用shoulddoYes,…ought.No,…oughtn’t.Shall…do…?将要，会shallshallnot/shan’tdoYes,…shall.No,…shan’t.用于一三人称征求对方意见2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词承诺中考115分、高考120分登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语
shouldwillwoulddareneed用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁等应当，应该（表义务责任）shouldnot/shouldn’tdo本该（含有责备意味）willnot/won’tdo意愿，决心请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委婉wouldnot/wouldn’tdo敢（常用于否定句和疑问句中）需要必须（常用于否定句和疑问句中）过去常常（现在已不再）Should…do…?usedtoWill…do…?Yes,…will.No,…won’t.Dare…do…?darenot/daren’tdoYes,…dare.No,…daren’t.Need…do…?neednot/needn’tdoYes,…must.No,…needn’t.Used…todo…?usednot/usedn’t/usen’ttoYes,…used.No,…use(d)n’t.doDid…usetodo…?didn’tusetodoYes,…did.No,…didn’t.II.情态动词must,may,might,could,can表示推测：以must为例。must+do(be)是推测现在存在的一般状态进行；must+bedoing推测可能正在进行的事情；must+havedone是推测可能已经发生过的事情。1.must“肯定，一定”语气强，只用于肯定句中。HemustbeamanfromAmerica./Hemustbetalkingwithhisfriend./Hemusthavealreadyarrivedthere.2.may和might“也许”，后者语气弱，更没有把握。可用于肯定句和否定句。Hemaynotbeathome./Theymighthavefinishedtheirtask.3.can和could“可能”，could表示可疑的可能性，不及can’t语气强，用于肯定、否定、疑问句中。Theweatherinthatcitycouldbecoldnow.Wecouldhavewalkedthere;itwassonear.（推测某事本来可能发生，但实际上没有发生）Canhebeintheofficenow?No,hecan’tbethere,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.(语气很强，常用于疑问句和否定句中)III.情态动词注意点：1.can和beableto:都可以表示能力。但beableto可以表达“某事终于成功”，而can无法表达此意。Beableto有更多的时态。另外，两者不能重叠使用。2.usedto和would:usedto表示过去常常做现在已经不再有的习惯，而would只表示过去的习惯或喜好，不涉及现在。3.need和dare作情态动词和实义动词的区别：两者作情态动词时常用于否定句和疑问句。其形式为：needn’t/daren’tdo；Need/dare…do…?做实义动词时可用于肯定句，否定句和疑问句。其形式为：need(needs/needed)/dare(dares/dared)todo,don’t(doesn’t/didn’t)need/daretodo
八．非谓语动词
I.非谓语动词的分类、意义及构成：构成非谓语形式特征和作用时态和语态否定式复合结构todotobedoneforsb.todo具有名词，副词和形容词的作用tobedoingtohavebeendonesth.不定式在句中做主、宾、定、表和状语tohavedonebeingdone现在doing在非谓havingbeendone分词havingdone分语前加具有副词和形容词的作用not词在句中做定、表、宾补和状语过去done分词doingbeingdonesb’sdoing具有名词的作用动名词havingdonehavingbeendone在句中做主、宾、定和表语2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词承诺中考115分、高考120分登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语
II.做宾语的非谓语动词比较：情况常用动词只接不定式做宾语的hope,want,offer,long,fail,expect,wish,ask,decide,pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,happen动词mind,miss,enjoy,imagine,practise,suggest,finish,escape,excuse,appreciate,admit,prevent,keep,dislike,avoid,risk,resist,consider只接动名词做宾语的can’thelp,feellike,succeedin,befondof,objectto,getdownto,beengagedin,insiston,thinkof,be动词或短语proudof,takepridein,setabout,beafraidof,betiredof,lookforwardto,devoteoneselfto,beworth,bebusy,payattentionto,sticktobegin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,continue（接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习意义基本相同惯行为）need,want,require（接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用被动形式）两stoptodo停止手中事，去做另一件事意义相反者stopdoing停止正在做的事都remember/forget/regrettodo（指动作尚未发生）goontodo（接着做另外一件事）可remember/forget/regretdoing（指动作已经发生）goondoing（接着做同一件事）以trytodo（设法，努力去做，尽力）meantodo（打算做，企图做）意义不同trydoing（试试去做，看有何结果）meandoing（意识是，意味着）can’thelptodo（不能帮忙做）can’thelpdoing（忍不住要做）III.非谓语动词做宾语补足语的区别：常见动词ask,beg,expect,get,order,tell,want,wish,encourage不定式have,notice,see,watch,hear,feel,let,make现在分词notice,see,watch,hear,find,keep,have,feel过去分词IV.非谓语动词做定语的区别：举例Ihavealotofpaperstotype.Ihavealotofpaperstobetyped.Shallwegototheswimmingpool?theboilingwater/theboiledwater与被修饰词之间是被动关系，表示动作发生在谓语动作之thedevelopingcountry/thedevelopedcountry过去分词thefallingleaves/thefallenleaves前，现已经完成V.非谓语动词做主语和表语的区别：区别举例多表示一个特定的具体的将来的动作，做主语时可以借助于it把不定Mydreamistobecomeateacher.不定式移到句子后面。做表语有时可和主语交换位置，而且意义不变，并Toobeythelawisimportant.(dream,business,wish,idea,plan,duty,式且还能用what来提问主语或表语。task做主语时常用)与不定式的功能区别不大，然而它更接近于名词，表示的动作比较抽Itisnousesayingthatagainandagain.动名象，或者泛指习惯性的动作，有时也可以用it做形式主语，做表语时Teachingismyjob.词可以和主语互换位置。无名词的性质，不能做主语。但是有形容词的性质，可以做表语，多Thesituationisencouraging.分词表明主语的特征性质或者状态等，可被very,quite,rather等副词修饰。Thebookiswellwritten.现在分词多含有“令人…”之意，说明主语的性质特征，多表示主动，(常见分词有astonishing,moving,tiring,2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词承诺中考115分、高考120分
与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念例句主谓关系。强调动作将发生或已经Iheardhimcallmeseveraltimes.完成主谓关系。强调动作正在进行，尚Ifoundherlisteningtotheradio.未完成动宾关系。动作已经完成，多强调Wefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.状态区别与被修饰词往往有动宾关系，一般式表示将来，进行式表示不定式与谓语动作同时发生，完成式表示在谓语动词之前发生动名词通常指被修饰词的用途，无逻辑上的任何关系表示动作与谓语动作同时发生现在分词与被修饰词之间是主谓关系，登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语
主语多为物。过去分词一般表示被动或主语所处的状态，含有“感disappointing,puzzling,shocking,到…”之意，主语多是人。boring,amusing及其-ed形式)
九．定语从句
I.定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。关系词先行词从句成分例句备注whoDoyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?人主语Mr.SmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworkingwhom,which和whom人宾语Theboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar..that在从句中做Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.宾语时，常可以whose人，物定语Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismydeskmate.省略，但介词提关系前时后面关系代Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.代词that人，物主语，宾语词不能省略，也Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.不可以用thatThebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.which物主语，宾语Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.as做宾语一般不as人，物主语，宾语ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.省略whenIwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.时间时间状语可用onwhich关系whereThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.地点地点状语可用inwhich副词whyIcan’timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.可用forwhich原因原因状语II.that与which,who,whom的用法区别：情况用法说明例句1．先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,1.Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.2.Allthebooksthatyouofferedhasbeenmuch,等不定代词时。givenout.2．先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,3.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread.few等修饰时只用that的情况4.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthings3．先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时thatweremembered.4．先行词既指人又指物时5.HeistheonlymanthatIwanttosee.5．先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时6.Whoisthemanthatismakingaspeech?6．句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时1．在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用Hehasason,whohasgoneabroadforfurtherstudy.who/whom指人只用which,who,2．在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能Ilikethepersontowhomtheteacheristalking.whom的情况用which指物，whom指人。3．先行词本身是that时，关系词用which,先行词为Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.those,one,he时多用who。III.as与which的区别：定语从句区别例句限制性定名词前有such和thesame修饰时，关系代词用as,不Heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.Don’treadsuchbooksasyoucan’tunderstand.语从句中能用whichas和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，Theywonthegame,aswehadexpected.非限制性象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，Theywonthegame,whichwehadn’texpected.定语从句那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无Asiswellknown,heisafamousfilmstarinthe中1980s.“正如”的意思。IV.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：类别语法意义及特征例句限制性定语从对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明Theaccidenthappenedatthetimewhen句确，这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。Ileft.2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词承诺中考115分、高考120分登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语
非限制性定语对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散。Hismother,whomheloveddeeply,died从句从句和主句之间用逗号分开，相当于一个插入语，不能用thattenyearsago.引导，关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。十．名词性从句种类作用常用关联词例句Whetherhewillcomeornotdoesn’tmatter在复合句中做主语，相当于名词，一般much.主语从句置谓语之前，也可用it作形式主语，主that,whether,if,asWhoevercomesherewillbewelcome.语从句放主句之后if,asthough,who,在复合句中做表语，相当于名词，位于表语从句whose,which,how,Itlooksasifitisgoingtosnow.系动词之后when,where,why,Heaskedmewhichteamcouldwinthegame.宾语从句在复合句中做宾语，相当于名词what,whatever,放在名词之后(news,problem,idea,whoever,whereverYouhavenoideahowworriedweare.同位语从suggestion,advice,thought,hope,fact等)Thefactthatheliedagaingreatlysurprisedus.句表明其具体内容十一。状语从句种类连接词注意点主句表示将来意义时，从句须用一般现在时；whilewhen,whenever,while,as,before,after,until,till,bythe引导的从句中动词一般是延续性的；until用在肯时间状语time,assoonas,hardly…when,nosooner…than,the定句中主句动词是延续性的，而否定句中主句动moment,theminute,immediately,directly,instantly词为短暂性的。地点状语where,whereverbecause语气最强，since较弱，表示大家都明了的原因状语because,as,since,nowthat原因，as又次之。条件状语if,unless,once,incase,aslongas,onconditionthat从句中动词时态不可用将来时，常用一般时代替sothat和inorderthat后常接may,should,could,目的状语sothat,inorderthat,forfearthatwould等情态动词结果状语so…that,such…that比较状语than,as…as,notso/as…as,themore…themore方式状语asif,asthough,asasif和asthough引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。though,although,evenif,eventhough,as,nomatteras在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式；although和what,whatever,nomatterwho,whoever,nomatter让步状语though用正常语序，可和yet连用，但不可和butwhich,whichever,nomatterhow,however,nomatter连用when,whenever十二。倒装句种类倒装条件例句here,there,up,down,in,out,off,away等副词开头的句子Outrushedthechildren.完全表示强调Underthetreestoodtwotablesandfourchairs.倒装表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首Presentatthemeetingwere1,000students.强调表语，置于句首，或为保持句子平衡never,hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,notuntil,not等表示否HardlydidIknowwhathadhappened.定意义的副词放于句首OnlythendidherealizedtheimportanceofEnglish.only和修饰的状语放于句首部分NotonlydoesheknowFrench,butalsoheisexpertatit.notonly…butalso连接并列的句子，前倒后不倒倒装NeitherdoIknowit,nordoIcareaboutit.neither…nor…连接并列的句子，前后都倒装so…that,such…that中的so或such及修饰的成分放于句Sobusyishethathecannotgoonaholiday.首时前倒后不倒2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词承诺中考115分、高考120分登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语
Childasheis,hehaslearnedalot.as引导的让步状语so,neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事。Hecanplaythepiano.Socani.Mayyoubeingoodhealth!用于表示祝愿的祈使句中WereIyou,Iwouldnotdoitinthisway.省略if的虚拟条件十三。虚拟语气类别用法例句Ifhewerehere,hewouldhelp从句动词：过去式（be用were）与现在事实相反us.主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形IfIhadbeenfree,IwouldIf引导的条从句动词：had+过去分词与过去事实相反件从句主句动词：should/would/could/might+have+过去分词havevisitedyou.从句动词：过去式/should+动词原形/were+不定式Ifitshouldraintomorrow,we与将来事实相反wouldnotgocamping.主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形Theyaretalkingasiftheyhadasif引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式beenfriendsforyears.其它状语从句inorderthat/sothat引导的状语从句中动词用can/could/may/might/Turnonthelightsothatwecanseeitclearly.would等+动词原形Hesuggestedthatwenotdemand,suggest,order,insist后接的从句中动词为should+动词原形changeourmind.宾语从句wish后的从句中分别用过去式，过去完成式和should/would+动词原形表IwishIcouldbeapopsinger.示与现在，过去和将来情况相反在Itisnecessary/important/strangethat…,Itissuggested/demanded/Itisstrangethatsuchaperson主语从句shouldbeourfriends.ordered/requestedthat…等从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形It’shightimethatweleft.Itistimethat…句型中动词用过去式或should+动词原形Iwouldratheryoustayedatwouldrather所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式其它句型中homenow.IfonlyourdreamhadcomeIfonly句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式，表示强烈的愿望true!十四。重要句型1.Itwasnotuntilmidnightthathefinishedhistask.
2.NotuntilhecamebackfromabroadwasIabletoseehimagain.3.Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.4.Hewalkedaroundthehouse,guninhand.5.Mayyoubeingoodhealth!
6.Wishyouapleasantjourneybackhome!
7.Theprofessorwasahumorousmanwithbignoseanddeep-seteyes.8.Whatsurprisedmemostwashisimaginationandpatience.
9.Helayonthegrass,withhiseyeslookingattheskyandhishandsunderhishead.
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词承诺中考115分、高考120分登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语
10.SittingunderthetreeareMr.Greenandhisfirstteacher.11.Onthewallhangtwopicturesoffamousscientists.
12.Lookingbackuponthosepastyears,hecouldn’thelpfeelingveryproud.13.Nosooner(Hardly)hadhearrivedatthetheatrethan(when)theplaystarted.14.Youngasheis,hehaslearnedadvancedmathematics.15.HowIregretthehourswastedinthewoodsandfields!16.Therestandsabeautifulvaseinthecorneroftheroom.17.Tenmilesnorthofthetownliesapaperfactory.18.Theregoesthebell.
19.Nowherehastheworldeverseensuchabirdashere.20.Itisnousecryingforhelp.
21.IfonlyIhadbeenyourstudentinthemiddleschool!22.Itisbelievedthatsuchathingwillnothappenagain.23.OnlywhenheexplaineddidIrealizethereasonforthis.24.“Heworksparticularlyhard.”“Sohedoes,andsodoyou.”
25.NotonlyAlicebutalsoJaneandMaryaretiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.
26.SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplepersonofgreatachievements.
十五。动词搭配1.addto增加，增进add…to把…加进…addup相加
addupto总计，所有这一切说明1)Idon"tthinkthesefactswill________
anything.
2)Fiftynewbookshavebeen________thelibrary.
3)Themusic_________ourenjoymentofthefilm.
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词承诺中考115分、高考120分登陆下载更多资料量子场女生英语
4)Youmusthavemadeamistakewhenyou_______thebill________.
(addupto,addedto,addto,added…up)2.breakawayfrom打破，脱离，挣脱，改掉
breakdown出毛病，身体(精神)衰弱，分解，拆开
breakoff暂停，中断breakin强行进入，插话breakinto闯入
breakintopieces成为碎片breakout爆发
breakup捣碎，驱散，瓦解，学期结束，拆散
breakthrough突破
1)Thecriminalmanagedtobreak_____________thepoliceandranintothewoods.
2)Whenheheardthenews,hebroke_______andcried.
3)Don"tbreak________whileothersarespeaking.
4)Whydon"tyoubreak________forafewminutesandhavesomecoffee?5)Whendoesschoolbreak________?
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词6)Afterharvestwebreak_________thesoilwithatoolpulledbytwooxen.(awayfrom,down,in,off,up,up)3.bringup抚养，呕吐，提出bringabout造成bringout拿出，出版bringin引入，引进，挣钱bringback使回想起bringdown使下降，使倒下
1)Theshopkeeperbroughthisprice_________toonlyfivedollars.
2)Theschoolhasbrought_________newforeignteacherstoteachoralEnglish.3)Thesongbrought___________happymemoriesofourschooldays.
4)Doyouknowwhatbrought___________thismisunderstanding?5)Thekindoldmanagreedtobring__________theyoungorphan.
6)Wedecidedtobringthematter___atthenextmeeting.
7)Thewindbrought_______alotoftreeslastnight.
8)Nextmonththeywillbring________aneweditionofthebook.
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(down,in,back,about,up,up,down,out)
4.callon号召，拜访（某人）callat拜访、参观（某地）callfor去叫某人,要求,需要callup使回忆起,征召入伍callin召集，请某人来callout大喊，高叫calloff取消，不举行
1)Doctorsareoftencalled_____inthemiddleofthewar.
2)Pleasewaitformeathome.I"llcall_______youatyourhouseatseventonight.3)Thetrainscalls_______severalbigcitiesbetweenBeijingandGuangzhou.4)Hecalledhername__________,butshedidn"tanswer.
5)Thesportsmeetwascalled____onaccountoftherain.(in,for,at,out,off)5.comeabout发生，出现
comedown下跌，落，降，传下来comein进来come
into
(sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect)
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词comeon来临/快点comeout出版，结果是comealong一道来，赶快
cometo达到(anend/anagreement/astop)苏醒，合计，总共是comeover走过来comeup发芽，走近comeacross偶然碰到comeback回想起comefrom来自，源自
1)Icome_________thebookIlentyoulastmonth.
2)Howdiditcome_________thatyoubothgotlost?Ithoughtyouhadamap.3)Itsuddenlycame_________tomewhereIhadseentheboybefore.
4)Come__________now,orelseweshallbelate.
5)Hecame__________melikeatiger.6)Thepriceofpetrolhascome_________sincethebeginningofthisyear.7)Thewordcame__________usemanyyearsago.
8)Whentheexaminationresultcame_________,hehadalreadygotajob.
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9)Thebillcame__________overathousanddollars.
10)Isowedtheseedsoveramonthago,buttheyhaven"tcome__________yet.(for,about,back,on,at,down,into,out,to,up)
6.cutacross抄近路cutdown砍倒，削减cutoff切断，割掉，断绝关系cutup连根拔除，切碎through剪断，凿穿cutout删（省）掉，戒掉cutin插嘴
1)Don"tcut___thistree.Itwillbeveryshadyinsummer.
2)Youmustcut________thenumberofcigarettesyousmoke,oritwillcauseillness.3)Wedecidedtocut_________themoor（旷野）tothevillage.
4)Cuttingthetree____meanscuttingthetreeintopieces.
5)Theelectricitywascut___________whentheladyrefusedtopaythebill.6)WewerehavingapleasantconversationwhenTomcut__________.
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词（down,down,across,up,off,in）7.dieof(disease/hunger/grief/oldage)死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因）diefrom死于（意外事故、情形）dieaway渐渐消逝dieout绝种diedown(炉火)渐熄dieoff逐一死去8.fallbehind落后falloverone"sfeet跌跤falldown掉下，跌倒fallback撤退，后退
1)Babiesoftenfall_____whentheyarelearningtowalk.
2)Ourteamseemstohavefallen__________theothers.
3)Assoonastheenemiesfell__________,thepeoplereturnedtotheirvillage.
4)Shefell__________thebenchandhadherlegbroken.
（down,behind,back,over）9.goinfor从事，喜爱，参加gothrough通过，经受goover复习，检查
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goup（价格）上涨，建造起来goafter追捕，追赶goagainst违反
goahead先行，开始吧，问吧，说吧goaway离开goby时间过去
godown下沉，降低，（日、月）西沉goon(with)继续进行gowith相配，陪同gowithout没有，缺少goout外出，熄灭goallout全力以赴
gooff爆炸，进行，变坏，断电，停止供应
gobackon背约，食言gobeyond超出
1)Manynewfactorieshavegone__inthepastfewyears.
2)Rentshavegone__________greatlyrecently.
3)Manyyearshavegone___________sincewefirstmet.
4)Let"scontinueourjourneyuntilthesungoes_______.
5)Hisactionswent___________the
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词willofthepeople,
6)Ican"tdoit,foritgoes___________myduty.7)
Over
100
students
went
____________thisentranceexamination.8)Thebombwent____________andkilledtenpeople.
9)Thebuyerwent___________thecarcarefullybeforereachingadecision.10)Thistiedoesn"tgo___________myblueshirt.
11)Ifyouthinkyoucansolvetheproblem,go______.
12)Manystudentswent__________playingbasketball.
(up,up,by,down,against,beyond,through,off,over,with,ahead,infor)10.getdown下来，记下，使沮丧getdownto致力于，专心于geton进展，进步，穿上，上车getoff脱下,下车getin收集，插（话）getaway逃跑，逃脱，去休假getover忘记，越过，克服，从疾病中恢复
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getalongwith进展，相处getup起床
getthrough打通电话，完成，通过getround消息传开getclosetosth.接近，几乎getinto(trouble)getto(know)getback取回，收回getout
1)ShespokesofastthatIcouldn"tget____whathesaid.
2)Wewillfindwaystoget_________difficulties.
3)Thestoryhasgot__________,andeveryoneknowsaboutit.
4)WhenIget_________withthereport,I"llgotothecinema.
5)Afteradeliciousmealthetwomengot__________tobusiness.
6)Don"talwaysget__________awordwhenothersarespeaking.
7)Ittookmealongtimetoget___________such
anunpleasant
experience.
(down,over,round,through,down,in,
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词over)
11.giveaway赠送，泄露，出卖giveout发出，疲劳，分发，公布giveoff发出（光、热、气体）givein(tosb.)屈服giveup放弃，让（座位）
1)Hisaccentatlastgavehim__________.
2)Theliquidgave________astrongsmell.
3)Theheadmastergave___________thenamesoftheprize-winners.
4)Thesoldiersgave_________thetowntotheenemies.
5)Whowillhelpmetogivethebooks___________?
6)Don"tbelieveinthosewhogivehisfriends________.
7)Afteralongwalk,mystrengthgave____________.
(away,off,out,up,out,away,out)12.handin交上，提交handout分发handdown流传，遗传13.hangabout闲逛
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hangup挂电话14.holdback阻止，隐瞒holdup举起，使停顿holdon别挂电话，等，坚持holdout持续，坚持，伸出holddown控制，镇压
1)I"msureheisholdingsomething_________.
2)Shemanagedtohold______heremotionuntilherguestshadleft.Thenshecried.
3)Tellhimtohold________amoment.I"llcomesoon.
4)Ourfoodsupplywon"thold_________formorethanafewdays.5)Thetrainwasheld________asaresultofthefloods.
6)Thesemeasureshelpedtohold___________thecity"spopulation.7)Hold___________yourleftarm,please.
(back,back,on,out,up,down,up)15.keepup(courage,English,spirits)保持，keepupwith跟上
keepoff(grass)不接近，离开
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词keepawayfrom避开，不接近，离…远远的keepoutof
keepto(rules,promise)坚持，遵守keepon继续，坚持下来
keepback阻止，留下，隐瞒，扣下keepfrom克制，阻止
1)Theangryladytoldthestrangerstokeep________fromher.
2)Icanhardlykeep________mytearsafterhearinghiswords.
3)Onlypridekepther__________burstingintotears.
4)Icanscarcelykeep__________askinghimwhathehasdone.
5)"Don"ttouchme,"screamedthewoman,"Keep__________!"
6)Keep_________untilyousucceed.7)Keep_________yourcourage,andyou"llsucceedintheend.
8)Thethickcoatcankeepthecold___________.
9)Alwaystrytokeep___________theruleswhenyouplayagame.
10)Ican"tkeep________with
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everythingyou"redoing.
(away,back,from,from,off,on,up,out,to,up)16.knockat/on敲
knockinto撞到某人身上knockdown撞倒knockoutof把…敲出knockover撞倒knockoff停止工作，休息
1)Theboxersoonknockedhisopponent_________.
2)Theofficestuffknocks_________atsixeveryday.
3)Tryknocking__________thewindowandseeifthereisanyoneindoors.4)Hewassoabsorbedinhisbookthatheknocked__________thecarparkedthere.
(down,off,on,into)17.leavefor离开前往leaveout删去，遗漏leavebehind遗留,忘记拿走leaveto留给，遗嘱赠于leaveover遗留，剩下，延期1)"Whosenamehasbeenleft
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词__________?"demandedtheteacher.2)Whenhedied,heleftallhisproperty_____hisniece.
3)Hesuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthisumbrella___________.
4)Don"tleavethismatter_________untiltomorrow.
5)Leavesomemeat___________fortomorrow.
6)Thosearequestionsleft_________byhistory.
(out,to,behind,over,over,over)18.lookup查找，向上看lookthrough翻阅，浏览lookon旁观lookon…as看作lookinto调查
lookafter/at/for照顾/看/寻找lookout(for)当心
lookabout/around/round四下查看lookdownupon瞧不起lookbackupon回忆，回顾lookab.upanddown仔细打量某人lookabintheface/eyes直视某人1)Ispenttwohourslooking______the
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students"papers.
2)Look_______!Thereisabigholeinfront.
3)Hetookpartinthegame,andtherestofusjustlooked______andcheeredforhim.
4)Theoldmanlooked_____uponthedaysofhisyouth.
5)Shewassosnobbish（势利）thatshelooked
__________
upon
all
his
neighbours.
6)Thepolicepromisedtolook__________thecaseassoonaspossible.7)Helooked__________butsawnobody,andhelistenedbuthearnothing.(through,out,on,back,down,into,about/around/round)
19.makeup编造，配制，打扮，组成makeupfor弥补makeinto/of/from制成
makeout弄懂，发现，看出,填写，开列（清单）
makefor走向，驶往，促使1)Canyoumakethislengthofcloth__________asuit?
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词2)Iaskedthedriverifhewasmaking___________London?
3)Myfathermade__________acheckformetobuythecamera.
4)Wemustmaketheloss_________nextweek./Hetriedhardtomake________for
thedamagehehaddone.
5)Hemade__________astory,whichIfoundhardtobelieve.
6)Someoneiscoming,butIcan"tmake___________whoitis.(into,for,out,up/up,up,out)20.passaway去世passby经过
passdown(on)…to传给passthrough经历passover漠视，忽视
1)Theoldclockhasbeenpassed________tomefrommygrandfather"sgrandfather.
2)Themanpassed___________lastweekinpeace.
3)Wearepassing____________difficulttimes.
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4)Thesecretarypassed___________thedetailsinthefirstpartofhisreport.(down,away,through,over)21.payback还钱，报复
payfor付钱，为…受到惩罚，因…得到报应payoff还清
1)Howmuchdidyoupay__________thedictionary?
2)Youshouldpay_________themoneyyouborrowedfromme.
3)I"llpayhim____________forallhiscrimes(罪行)againstme.
4)Someday,you"llpay__________whatyouhavedonetoday.
5)Hasshepay____________thedebtyet?
（for,back,back,for,off）
22.pickup拾起，获得(information)，接人，站起，收听，自然习得(language/knowledge)，恢复重获(pickuphealth)
pickout挑选，辨认，看出
1)Ipickedtheinformation__________whilewaitinginthequeue.
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词2)Myfriendhasarrangedtopickme_________at6:00.
3)Thepatienthaspicked_________healthduringthelasttwoweeks.
4)Shepicked_______themostexpensivepairofshoes.
5)Ican"tpickJohn___________inthecrowd.
6)CanIpick__________VOAwiththisshort-waveradio?
7)Hefelldownsuddenly,butpickedhimself___________quickly.(up,up,up,out,out,up,up)pickcotton/flower/leaves/words选词23.putup搭起，张贴，举起，安装，投宿，安排住下putupwith忍受putout伸出，扑灭putoff推迟putinto放进，翻译putaway放好，存钱putdown记下，平息
puton穿戴，上映，增加(putonweight/speed)
putforward提出，提前
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putthrough接通电话putaside放到一边putback放回
1)Heput_________halfhiswageeveryweek.2)
The
government
soon
put
__________therevolt（暴乱）.
3)Putyourwatch__________.It"sslow.
4)Heput__________hishandformetoshake.
5).Pleaseputme__________toExtension（分机）2.
6)Weput___________fornightatthevillageinn.
7)Heisveryproud,andheoftenput_________airs.（摆架子）8)
Wehad
atelephone
put
_____________inouroffice.
9)Ican"tput__________withyourlaziness.
(away,down,forward,out,through,up,on,up,up)
24.pulldown拆掉，推翻pullon匆匆穿上/off脱
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词pullin进站pullout取出,(火车)离站
pulldown往下拉,拆毁pullover驶到一边
pullthrough恢复健康,渡过难关,脱离险境pullup（使）停住
1)Thetrainslowlypulled__________anddisappearedinthedistance.
2)Alltheoldhousesherehavenowbeenpulled______,andnewonesaretobebuilt.
3)Thecarpulled_________whenIblewthehorn.
4)Thedoctorthinksthemanwillpull__________.
5)Thedriverpulled________atthetrafficlights.(out,down,over,through,up)25.pushover推倒，刮倒
pushahead(on,forward)继续前进，坚持下去
pushthrough排除困难办好谋事，努力设法通过，挤过
1)We"vedecidedtopush__________withourplantobuildanewroad
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2)Manytreeswerepushed__________inthehurricane.
3)Theyweredeterminedtopushthenewrules________atanycost..
4)Takecarenottopushthebaby_________.
5)Theypushed___________thecrowdandatlastreachedus.
(on,over,through,over,through)26.runacross偶然碰到runafter追逐，追捕
runaway逃跑runfor竞选
runinto偶然碰到（困难）遇见（人），相撞
runoutof用完
1)Ifyoudrivesofast,you"llrun_________someonesomeday.
2)Iran__________afriendofmineintheexhibition.
3)Ourwaterhasrun__________.Canyoufillupsomemorebottles?
4)Whydoyoualwaysrun__________adventure?
5)Hedidn"twanttorun___________
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词presidentthatyear.
6)Inthatwayyouwillonlyrun__________difficulties.
(into,across/into,out,after,for,into)27.seeoff送行
seethrough看透，识破seeto照料，照管28.sendfor派人去请sendoff送行
sendout发出（光亮）等sendup发射29.setup建立
setoff出发，触发，引起setout动身，着手(todo)，陈述setabout开始着手(doing)settowork(n.)开始做setback拨回，使推迟
1)Ishallsetmywatch___________byfiveminutes.
2)Weset__________readingthetextaloudimmediatelythebellrang.
3)Weset_________atdaybreakyesterdayandwe"vebeentravellingeversincethen.
4)Iset__________toadvisehimnotto
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drink.
5)Whatwerethereasonsheset___________inhisreport?
6)Thepresidentset__________aspecialgroupofsoldierstoguardhim.7)Theunpopularlawset_________aseriesofprotests.（抗议）
(back,about,off/out,out,out,up,off)30.takeoff脱掉，起飞takeon呈现雇佣
takeaway拿走takein吸收，领会
takeup从事，占用（时间空间）takedown记录，取下takeback收回
takefor误认为takealong随身带
takeover接管takeout1)Itake_________allIsaidabouthisdishonesty.
2)Hewenttotheshelfandtook__________abookofpoems.
3)AtfirstItookhim_________adoctor.
4)Icanseethatmostofyouhavetaken
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词________everythingthattheteachertaught.
5)Billhasnowtaken__________hisfather"sbusiness.
6)Myjobtakes__________mostofmytime.
7)Thebosstook____________twentypeopleforhisnewcompany.(back,down,for,in,over,up,on)takechargeof负责,takesth.forgranted想当然,takeholdof抓住,takepridein以………为自豪,taketheplaceof,代替taketurnstodo轮流做,takeoffice就职31.thinkof想起thinkof…as把…看作
thinkout想出thinkup想出
thinkabout考虑thinkover仔细考虑
thinkwellofsb.对某人看法好32.turnoff/on打开
turnover翻身，反复考虑，翻（书页），翻转
turnout证明为，结果，制造成品turnto转向，求助
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turndown调低，拒绝turnagainst变得敌视，反对turnaway打发走，驱逐，转过脸去turnback返回，转回去turnround转过身来
turnup向上翻，露面，出现，音量调大
turnin上缴
turnupsidedown把倒置，弄得乱七八糟
1)Thechildturned__________itsmotherforcomfort.
2)Turn___________andletmeseeyourface.
3)Howevermuchheturnedtheproblem________inmind,hecouldfindnosatisfactorysolution.
4)TheEnglisheveningpartyturned_________agreatsuccess.
5)Thesightoftheaccidentwastoomuchforhertobear,andsheturned_______.
6)Thefootballstadiumwasfull,andmanypeoplehadtobeturned__________.7)Thearmyturnedhim___________
2天背完初中单词4天背完高中单词onaccountof(因为)hispoorhealth.8)Sheturnedthewholehouse___________inhersearchforhermissingpurse.
9)Wheredidyourpurseturn____________?Ifounditinthesnow.10)Thevillagerssuddenlyturned__________theforeignerswholivednearby.
11)Thefactoryturns____________201*newcarslastyear.
(to,round,over,out,away,away,down,upsidedown,up,against,out)
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